{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2016-09-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-09-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-09-21","date_display":"September 21, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457652.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869187.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.6303,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.3357,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.7055,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.7055},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.3357,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6691},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":182.966},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457652.770833,"ahargana":1869187.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0866,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":154.40824900000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":32.98174899999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.168},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":241.701149,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":140.74314900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":157.82554900000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":182.542149,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":226.67914900000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":141.4632,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":321.4632,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457652.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869187.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.6303,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.3357,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.7055,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.7055},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.3357,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6691},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":182.966},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.168,"elongation":124.295},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.168,"opposition_distance":55.705}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-20,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371},{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.783,"opposition_distance":1.976}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:26","sunsetLocal":"18:35","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.14545568117293,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 08 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 51 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:54","moonsetLocal":"10:56","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"14:01","startHours":12.506251209954389,"endHours":14.024433170101005,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:57","end":"09:28","startHours":7.951705329514541,"endHours":9.469887289661157,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:59","end":"12:30","startHours":10.988069249807772,"endHours":12.506251209954389,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:40","startHours":9.267463028308274,"endHours":9.67231155101404,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:56","end":"07:16","startHours":6.939584022750131,"endHours":7.263462840914742,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:55","startHours":12.101402687248626,"endHours":12.911099732660155,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:49","end":"05:37","startHours":4.8141292785448675,"endHours":5.623826323956396,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:25","end":"06:26","startHours":5.421402062603514,"endHours":6.433523369367925,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:20","startHours":14.530493823483212,"endHours":15.34019086889474,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:23","end":"18:47","startHours":18.378979050540856,"endHours":18.778979050540855,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:35","end":"19:05","startHours":18.578979050540855,"endHours":19.085039703923062,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:20","end":"20:05","startHours":18.328979050540855,"endHours":20.078979050540855,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:55","startHours":24.10140268724863,"endHours":24.911099732660155,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:26","end":"07:57","startHours":6.433523369367925,"endHours":7.951705329514541,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:57","end":"09:28","startHours":7.951705329514541,"endHours":9.469887289661157,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:28","end":"10:59","startHours":9.469887289661157,"endHours":10.988069249807772,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:59","end":"12:30","startHours":10.988069249807772,"endHours":12.506251209954389,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:30","end":"14:01","startHours":12.506251209954389,"endHours":14.024433170101005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:01","end":"15:33","startHours":14.024433170101005,"endHours":15.542615130247622,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:33","end":"17:04","startHours":15.542615130247622,"endHours":17.06079709039424,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:04","end":"18:35","startHours":17.06079709039424,"endHours":18.578979050540855,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:35","end":"20:04","startHours":18.578979050540855,"endHours":20.06079709039424,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:04","end":"21:33","startHours":20.06079709039424,"endHours":21.542615130247622,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:33","end":"23:01","startHours":21.542615130247622,"endHours":23.024433170101005,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:01","end":"00:30","startHours":23.024433170101005,"endHours":24.506251209954392,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:30","end":"01:59","startHours":24.506251209954392,"endHours":25.988069249807772,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:59","end":"03:28","startHours":25.988069249807772,"endHours":27.46988728966116,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:28","end":"04:57","startHours":27.46988728966116,"endHours":28.951705329514542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:57","end":"06:26","startHours":28.951705329514542,"endHours":30.433523369367926,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.433523369367925,"endHours":7.433523369367925,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.433523369367925,"endHours":8.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.433523369367926,"endHours":9.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.433523369367926,"endHours":10.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.433523369367926,"endHours":11.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.433523369367926,"endHours":12.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.433523369367926,"endHours":13.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.433523369367926,"endHours":14.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.433523369367926,"endHours":15.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.433523369367926,"endHours":16.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.433523369367926,"endHours":17.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.433523369367926,"endHours":18.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.433523369367926,"endHours":19.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.433523369367926,"endHours":20.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.433523369367926,"endHours":21.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.433523369367926,"endHours":22.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.433523369367926,"endHours":23.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.433523369367926,"endHours":24.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.433523369367926,"endHours":25.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.433523369367926,"endHours":26.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.433523369367926,"endHours":27.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.433523369367926,"endHours":28.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.433523369367926,"endHours":29.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":29.433523369367926,"endHours":30.433523369367926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":0.5985894481586007,"eotMinutes":7.712527402736593,"ayanamsa":24.0866}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 21, 2016 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 21, 2016 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:26, sūryāsta 18:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-09-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-09-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-09-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-09-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-09-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:49:33.079Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:49:33.079Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:49:33.079Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}