{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2016-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457408.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868943.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.2296,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.5293,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":143.2997,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2997},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":59.5293,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.196},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":335.7589},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457408.770833,"ahargana":1868943.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0773,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.336371,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.80317100000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4838},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":195.06057099999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":262.23647099999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":148.169671,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":242.22937100000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":228.875771,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":154.3915,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":334.3915,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457408.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868943.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.2296,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.5293,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":143.2997,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2997},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":59.5293,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.196},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":335.7589},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.484,"elongation":143.3},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.484,"opposition_distance":36.7}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:49","dayLengthHours":11.1510372325787,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:42","moonsetLocal":"04:56","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:13","end":"15:37","startHours":14.216268508224541,"endHours":15.610148162296877,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.2468702378628524,"endHours":8.64074989193519,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:02","end":"11:26","startHours":10.034629546007528,"endHours":11.428509200079866,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:51","end":"10:13","startHours":9.848778925464549,"endHours":10.220480166550505,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:43","end":"08:01","startHours":7.711496789220298,"endHours":8.008857782089065,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:27","end":"13:12","startHours":12.450687613066245,"endHours":13.194090095238158,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:30","startHours":5.760065273519026,"endHours":6.503467755690939,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:15","startHours":6.317617135147961,"endHours":7.2468702378628524,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:25","startHours":14.680895059581985,"endHours":15.424297541753898,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.197907470441553,"endHours":18.59790747044155,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:52","startHours":18.397907470441552,"endHours":18.862534021798997,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.147907470441552,"endHours":19.897907470441552,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:27","end":"01:12","startHours":24.450687613066243,"endHours":25.19409009523816,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.2468702378628524,"endHours":8.64074989193519,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:38","end":"10:02","startHours":8.64074989193519,"endHours":10.034629546007528,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:02","end":"11:26","startHours":10.034629546007528,"endHours":11.428509200079866,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:26","end":"12:49","startHours":11.428509200079866,"endHours":12.822388854152202,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:49","end":"14:13","startHours":12.822388854152202,"endHours":14.216268508224541,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:13","end":"15:37","startHours":14.216268508224541,"endHours":15.610148162296877,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:37","end":"17:00","startHours":15.610148162296877,"endHours":17.004027816369216,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:00","end":"18:24","startHours":17.004027816369216,"endHours":18.397907470441552,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:24","end":"20:00","startHours":18.397907470441552,"endHours":20.004027816369216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:00","end":"21:37","startHours":20.004027816369216,"endHours":21.610148162296877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:37","end":"23:13","startHours":21.610148162296877,"endHours":23.21626850822454,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:13","end":"00:49","startHours":23.21626850822454,"endHours":24.8223888541522,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:49","end":"02:26","startHours":24.8223888541522,"endHours":26.428509200079866,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:26","end":"04:02","startHours":26.428509200079866,"endHours":28.03462954600753,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:02","end":"05:38","startHours":28.03462954600753,"endHours":29.64074989193519,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:38","end":"07:15","startHours":29.64074989193519,"endHours":31.24687023786285,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.2468702378628524,"endHours":8.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.246870237862852,"endHours":9.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.246870237862852,"endHours":10.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.246870237862852,"endHours":11.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.246870237862852,"endHours":12.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.246870237862852,"endHours":13.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.246870237862852,"endHours":14.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.246870237862852,"endHours":15.246870237862852,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.246870237862852,"endHours":16.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.24687023786285,"endHours":17.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.24687023786285,"endHours":18.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.24687023786285,"endHours":19.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.24687023786285,"endHours":20.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.24687023786285,"endHours":21.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.24687023786285,"endHours":22.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.24687023786285,"endHours":23.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.24687023786285,"endHours":24.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.24687023786285,"endHours":25.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.24687023786285,"endHours":26.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.24687023786285,"endHours":27.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.24687023786285,"endHours":28.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.24687023786285,"endHours":29.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.24687023786285,"endHours":30.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.24687023786285,"endHours":31.24687023786285,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.059856804048422,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":24.0773}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 2016 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 2016 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2016-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T01:22:53.837Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T01:22:53.837Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T01:22:53.837Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}