{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2013-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2013-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456535.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868070.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.0519,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":70.6885,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":297.6367,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6367},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":70.6885,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0219},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.7404},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456535.770833,"ahargana":1868070.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0439,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.767626,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":72.56472600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.4478},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":97.68172600000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":139.418726,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":79.24442599999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":172.72722599999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":192.76982599999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.6473,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.6473,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456535.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868070.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.0519,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":70.6885,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":297.6367,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6367},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":70.6885,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0219},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.7404},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.448,"elongation":62.363},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.448,"opposition_distance":117.637}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:54","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.523975723820271,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 31 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 28 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:56","moonsetLocal":"15:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:30","end":"11:04","startHours":9.501372910321809,"endHours":11.066869875799345,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:12","end":"15:46","startHours":14.197863806754413,"endHours":15.763360772231945,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:22","end":"07:56","startHours":6.370378979366742,"endHours":7.935875944844276,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:43","startHours":9.292639981591472,"endHours":9.710105839052147,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:54","end":"07:14","startHours":6.892211301192587,"endHours":7.226183987161128,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:03","startHours":12.214900983816202,"endHours":13.049832698737552,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:42","end":"05:32","startHours":4.700515549524039,"endHours":5.5354472644453905,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:20","end":"06:22","startHours":5.326714335715053,"endHours":6.370378979366742,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:33","startHours":14.719696128580257,"endHours":15.554627843501608,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:42","end":"19:06","startHours":18.694354703187013,"endHours":19.094354703187012,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:54","end":"19:25","startHours":18.894354703187012,"endHours":19.416187025012857,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:39","end":"20:24","startHours":18.644354703187012,"endHours":20.394354703187012,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:03","startHours":24.2149009838162,"endHours":25.049832698737553,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:22","end":"07:56","startHours":6.370378979366742,"endHours":7.935875944844276,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:56","end":"09:30","startHours":7.935875944844276,"endHours":9.501372910321809,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:30","end":"11:04","startHours":9.501372910321809,"endHours":11.066869875799345,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:04","end":"12:38","startHours":11.066869875799345,"endHours":12.632366841276877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:38","end":"14:12","startHours":12.632366841276877,"endHours":14.197863806754413,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:12","end":"15:46","startHours":14.197863806754413,"endHours":15.763360772231945,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:46","end":"17:20","startHours":15.763360772231945,"endHours":17.32885773770948,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:20","end":"18:54","startHours":17.32885773770948,"endHours":18.894354703187012,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:54","end":"20:20","startHours":18.894354703187012,"endHours":20.328857737709477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:20","end":"21:46","startHours":20.328857737709477,"endHours":21.763360772231945,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:46","end":"23:12","startHours":21.763360772231945,"endHours":23.197863806754413,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:12","end":"00:38","startHours":23.197863806754413,"endHours":24.632366841276877,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:38","end":"02:04","startHours":24.632366841276877,"endHours":26.06686987579934,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:04","end":"03:30","startHours":26.06686987579934,"endHours":27.50137291032181,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:30","end":"04:56","startHours":27.50137291032181,"endHours":28.935875944844277,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:56","end":"06:22","startHours":28.935875944844277,"endHours":30.37037897936674,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.370378979366742,"endHours":7.370378979366742,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.370378979366742,"endHours":8.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.370378979366741,"endHours":9.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.370378979366741,"endHours":10.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.370378979366741,"endHours":11.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.370378979366741,"endHours":12.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.370378979366741,"endHours":13.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.370378979366741,"endHours":14.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.370378979366741,"endHours":15.370378979366741,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.370378979366741,"endHours":16.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.37037897936674,"endHours":17.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.37037897936674,"endHours":18.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.37037897936674,"endHours":19.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.37037897936674,"endHours":20.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.37037897936674,"endHours":21.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.37037897936674,"endHours":22.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.37037897936674,"endHours":23.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.37037897936674,"endHours":24.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.37037897936674,"endHours":25.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.37037897936674,"endHours":26.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.37037897936674,"endHours":27.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.37037897936674,"endHours":28.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.37037897936674,"endHours":29.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.37037897936674,"endHours":30.37037897936674,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.63883366166375,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":24.0439}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 2013 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 2013 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:54.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2013-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2013-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2013-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2013-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2013-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:01:26.406Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:01:26.406Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:01:26.406Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}