{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2008-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2008-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2008-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2008 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2008,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454675.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866210.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.8391,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.2404,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":302.4013,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4013},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":43.2404,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2404},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":144.0795},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2008,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454675.770833,"ahargana":1866210.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9727,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.37319200000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.40059200000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3653},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":141.884592,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":99.20859200000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":261.768992,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":114.68199200000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":133.095592,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":299.199,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":119.199,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2008,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454675.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866210.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.8391,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.2404,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":302.4013,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4013},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":43.2404,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2404},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":144.0795},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.365,"elongation":57.599},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.365,"opposition_distance":122.401}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":20,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.25,"opposition_distance":1.434}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"19:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":13.04091480714002,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 02 Mins 27 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 57 Mins 33 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:11","moonsetLocal":"15:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:51","end":"09:29","startHours":7.84728949192918,"endHours":9.477403842821683,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.107518193714185,"endHours":12.737632544606686,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.367746895499188,"endHours":15.997861246391693,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:42","startHours":9.260055262702682,"endHours":9.694752422940683,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:46","end":"07:06","startHours":6.760546591334179,"endHours":7.10830431952458,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:10","startHours":12.302935384368686,"endHours":13.172329704844687,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:29","end":"05:21","startHours":4.4783865000846745,"endHours":5.3477808205606765,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:13","startHours":5.130432240441676,"endHours":6.217175141036678,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:47","startHours":14.911118345796691,"endHours":15.780512666272692,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:03","end":"19:27","startHours":19.058089948176697,"endHours":19.458089948176696,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:15","end":"19:48","startHours":19.258089948176696,"endHours":19.801461398474196,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:45","startHours":19.008089948176696,"endHours":20.758089948176696,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:10","startHours":24.302935384368684,"endHours":25.17232970484469,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:13","end":"07:51","startHours":6.217175141036678,"endHours":7.84728949192918,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:51","end":"09:29","startHours":7.84728949192918,"endHours":9.477403842821683,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:29","end":"11:06","startHours":9.477403842821683,"endHours":11.107518193714185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.107518193714185,"endHours":12.737632544606686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:44","end":"14:22","startHours":12.737632544606686,"endHours":14.367746895499188,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.367746895499188,"endHours":15.997861246391693,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:00","end":"17:38","startHours":15.997861246391693,"endHours":17.627975597284195,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:38","end":"19:15","startHours":17.627975597284195,"endHours":19.258089948176696,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:15","end":"20:38","startHours":19.258089948176696,"endHours":20.627975597284195,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:38","end":"22:00","startHours":20.627975597284195,"endHours":21.997861246391693,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:00","end":"23:22","startHours":21.997861246391693,"endHours":23.367746895499188,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:22","end":"00:44","startHours":23.367746895499188,"endHours":24.737632544606686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:44","end":"02:06","startHours":24.737632544606686,"endHours":26.107518193714185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:06","end":"03:29","startHours":26.107518193714185,"endHours":27.47740384282168,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:29","end":"04:51","startHours":27.47740384282168,"endHours":28.84728949192918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:51","end":"06:13","startHours":28.84728949192918,"endHours":30.217175141036677,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.217175141036678,"endHours":7.217175141036678,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.217175141036678,"endHours":8.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.217175141036677,"endHours":9.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.217175141036677,"endHours":10.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.217175141036677,"endHours":11.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.217175141036677,"endHours":12.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.217175141036677,"endHours":13.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.217175141036677,"endHours":14.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.217175141036677,"endHours":15.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.217175141036677,"endHours":16.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.217175141036677,"endHours":17.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.217175141036677,"endHours":18.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.217175141036677,"endHours":19.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.217175141036677,"endHours":20.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.217175141036677,"endHours":21.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.217175141036677,"endHours":22.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.217175141036677,"endHours":23.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.217175141036677,"endHours":24.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.217175141036677,"endHours":25.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.217175141036677,"endHours":26.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.217175141036677,"endHours":27.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.217175141036677,"endHours":28.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.217175141036677,"endHours":29.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.217175141036677,"endHours":30.217175141036677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.930452896774167,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":23.9727}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2065,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1930,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1415,"malayalam_era":1184,"nanakshahi_year":539,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2065 Plava · Śaka 1930 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"aja-ekadashi","name":"Ajā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"अजा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"King Hariścandra observed this; restored him to throne and family.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2008 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2008 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 19:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2008-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2008-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2008-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2008-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2008-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T12:29:09.338Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T12:29:09.338Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T12:29:09.338Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}