{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2000-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451756.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863291.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.7559,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.505,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":359.7492,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.7492},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":103.505,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.1717},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":207.2609},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451756.770833,"ahargana":1863291.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8611,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.28911900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.42001900000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.7531},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":95.43561899999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":85.023619,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":41.895519000000036,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":117.92491899999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":35.443918999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":93.8617,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":273.8617,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451756.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863291.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.7559,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.505,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":359.7492,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.7492},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":103.505,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.1717},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":207.2609},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.753,"elongation":0.251},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.753,"opposition_distance":179.749}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":0,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.753,"elongation":0.251}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:14","sunsetLocal":"19:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":13.003653220490854,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:11","moonsetLocal":"19:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:29","startHours":7.859612950855111,"endHours":9.485069603416468,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:07","end":"12:44","startHours":11.110526255977824,"endHours":12.735982908539182,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:22","end":"15:59","startHours":14.36143956110054,"endHours":15.986896213661895,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:42","startHours":9.26834204974162,"endHours":9.701797157091315,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:47","end":"07:07","startHours":6.775975182480874,"endHours":7.12273926836063,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:10","startHours":12.302527801189486,"endHours":13.169438015888877,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:30","end":"05:22","startHours":4.500335868894974,"endHours":5.367246083594364,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:09","end":"06:14","startHours":5.150518529919517,"endHours":6.234156298293755,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:54","end":"15:46","startHours":14.903258445287657,"endHours":15.770168659987046,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:02","end":"19:26","startHours":19.03780951878461,"endHours":19.437809518784608,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:14","end":"19:47","startHours":19.23780951878461,"endHours":19.779628402971728,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:59","end":"20:44","startHours":18.98780951878461,"endHours":20.73780951878461,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:10","startHours":24.302527801189488,"endHours":25.169438015888876,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:14","end":"07:52","startHours":6.234156298293755,"endHours":7.859612950855111,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:29","startHours":7.859612950855111,"endHours":9.485069603416468,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:29","end":"11:07","startHours":9.485069603416468,"endHours":11.110526255977824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:07","end":"12:44","startHours":11.110526255977824,"endHours":12.735982908539182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:44","end":"14:22","startHours":12.735982908539182,"endHours":14.36143956110054,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:22","end":"15:59","startHours":14.36143956110054,"endHours":15.986896213661895,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:59","end":"17:37","startHours":15.986896213661895,"endHours":17.61235286622325,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:37","end":"19:14","startHours":17.61235286622325,"endHours":19.23780951878461,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:14","end":"20:37","startHours":19.23780951878461,"endHours":20.61235286622325,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:37","end":"21:59","startHours":20.61235286622325,"endHours":21.986896213661893,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:59","end":"23:22","startHours":21.986896213661893,"endHours":23.36143956110054,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:22","end":"00:44","startHours":23.36143956110054,"endHours":24.73598290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:44","end":"02:07","startHours":24.73598290853918,"endHours":26.110526255977824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:07","end":"03:29","startHours":26.110526255977824,"endHours":27.48506960341647,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:29","end":"04:52","startHours":27.48506960341647,"endHours":28.859612950855112,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:52","end":"06:14","startHours":28.859612950855112,"endHours":30.234156298293755,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.234156298293755,"endHours":7.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.234156298293755,"endHours":8.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.234156298293755,"endHours":9.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.234156298293755,"endHours":10.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.234156298293755,"endHours":11.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.234156298293755,"endHours":12.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.234156298293755,"endHours":13.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.234156298293755,"endHours":14.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.234156298293755,"endHours":15.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.234156298293755,"endHours":16.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.234156298293755,"endHours":17.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.234156298293755,"endHours":18.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.234156298293755,"endHours":19.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.234156298293755,"endHours":20.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.234156298293755,"endHours":21.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.234156298293755,"endHours":22.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.234156298293755,"endHours":23.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.234156298293755,"endHours":24.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.234156298293755,"endHours":25.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.234156298293755,"endHours":26.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.234156298293755,"endHours":27.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.234156298293755,"endHours":28.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.234156298293755,"endHours":29.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":29.234156298293755,"endHours":30.234156298293755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.226507290524932,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.8611}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2000 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2000 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:14, sūryāsta 19:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T03:57:26.085Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T03:57:26.085Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T03:57:26.085Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}