{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2000-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451559.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863094.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.2421,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":23.3311,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":112.0889,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0889},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":23.3311,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.9977},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":294.5732},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451559.770833,"ahargana":1863094.2708,"kali_year":5101,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8536,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.351046,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":20.25234599999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4441},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":315.384046,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":271.39164600000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":2.3376460000000066,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":235.39614600000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.37224600000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":104.2997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":284.2997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451559.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863094.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.2421,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":23.3311,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":112.0889,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0889},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":23.3311,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.9977},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":294.5732},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.444,"elongation":112.089},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.444,"opposition_distance":67.911}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.697,"opposition_distance":1.262}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:48","dayLengthHours":11.096798386509128,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:38","moonsetLocal":"02:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:57","end":"18:21","startHours":16.957641087303884,"endHours":18.344740885617526,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:48","end":"14:11","startHours":12.796341692362962,"endHours":14.183441490676604,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:34","end":"16:57","startHours":15.570541288990245,"endHours":16.957641087303884,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:50","end":"10:12","startHours":9.83719545596053,"endHours":10.207088735510833,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:43","end":"08:00","startHours":7.710309098546278,"endHours":8.006223722186522,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:26","end":"13:10","startHours":12.426448412812658,"endHours":13.166234971913266,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:30","startHours":5.768369380907181,"endHours":6.508155940007789,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:15","startHours":6.323209300232637,"endHours":7.247942499108398,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:23","startHours":14.645808090114484,"endHours":15.385594649215092,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.144740885617527,"endHours":18.544740885617525,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:48","startHours":18.344740885617526,"endHours":18.807107485055408,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.094740885617526,"endHours":19.844740885617526,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:26","end":"01:10","startHours":24.426448412812658,"endHours":25.166234971913266,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.247942499108398,"endHours":8.63504229742204,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:38","end":"10:01","startHours":8.63504229742204,"endHours":10.022142095735681,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:01","end":"11:25","startHours":10.022142095735681,"endHours":11.409241894049321,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:25","end":"12:48","startHours":11.409241894049321,"endHours":12.796341692362962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:48","end":"14:11","startHours":12.796341692362962,"endHours":14.183441490676604,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:11","end":"15:34","startHours":14.183441490676604,"endHours":15.570541288990245,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:34","end":"16:57","startHours":15.570541288990245,"endHours":16.957641087303884,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:57","end":"18:21","startHours":16.957641087303884,"endHours":18.344740885617526,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:21","end":"19:57","startHours":18.344740885617526,"endHours":19.957641087303884,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:57","end":"21:34","startHours":19.957641087303884,"endHours":21.570541288990242,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:34","end":"23:11","startHours":21.570541288990242,"endHours":23.183441490676604,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:11","end":"00:48","startHours":23.183441490676604,"endHours":24.79634169236296,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:48","end":"02:25","startHours":24.79634169236296,"endHours":26.40924189404932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:25","end":"04:01","startHours":26.40924189404932,"endHours":28.02214209573568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:01","end":"05:38","startHours":28.02214209573568,"endHours":29.63504229742204,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:38","end":"07:15","startHours":29.63504229742204,"endHours":31.247942499108397,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.247942499108398,"endHours":8.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.247942499108397,"endHours":9.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.247942499108397,"endHours":10.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.247942499108397,"endHours":11.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.247942499108397,"endHours":12.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.247942499108397,"endHours":13.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.247942499108397,"endHours":14.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.247942499108397,"endHours":15.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.247942499108397,"endHours":16.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.247942499108397,"endHours":17.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.247942499108397,"endHours":18.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.247942499108397,"endHours":19.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.247942499108397,"endHours":20.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.247942499108397,"endHours":21.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.247942499108397,"endHours":22.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.247942499108397,"endHours":23.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.247942499108397,"endHours":24.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.247942499108397,"endHours":25.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.247942499108397,"endHours":26.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.247942499108397,"endHours":27.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.247942499108397,"endHours":28.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.247942499108397,"endHours":29.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.247942499108397,"endHours":30.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.247942499108397,"endHours":31.247942499108397,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.09192739205067,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":23.8536}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2000 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2000 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2000-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T22:08:45.914Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T22:08:45.914Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T22:08:45.914Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}