{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1998-08-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-08-23","date_display":"August 23, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451048.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862583.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.248,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":138.4395,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":13.1914,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1914},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":138.4395,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1061},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":263.6875},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451048.770833,"ahargana":1862583.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.834,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.89486999999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":136.79476999999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.5529},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":97.64057000000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":112.20916999999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":332.20577000000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":108.02827000000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.694270000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":131.3749,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":311.3749,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451048.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862583.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.248,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":138.4395,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":13.1914,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1914},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":138.4395,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1061},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":263.6875},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.553,"elongation":13.191},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.553,"opposition_distance":166.809}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-1,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.467,"elongation":1.174}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"19:00","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":12.665893602124214,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 39 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 20 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:11","moonsetLocal":"19:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:25","end":"19:00","startHours":17.422312962726977,"endHours":19.005549662992504,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:40","end":"14:15","startHours":12.672602861930397,"endHours":14.255839562195924,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:50","end":"17:25","startHours":15.83907626246145,"endHours":17.422312962726977,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:43","startHours":9.295031234697273,"endHours":9.717227688101413,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:12","startHours":6.867401627623464,"endHours":7.205158790346776,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:15","end":"13:06","startHours":12.250406408526256,"endHours":13.094799315334537,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:39","end":"05:30","startHours":4.650870247251727,"endHours":5.495263154060008,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:20","startHours":5.284164927357938,"endHours":6.339656060868289,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:38","startHours":14.783585128951099,"endHours":15.62797803575938,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:48","end":"19:12","startHours":18.805549662992505,"endHours":19.205549662992503,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:00","end":"19:32","startHours":19.005549662992504,"endHours":19.53329522974768,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:45","end":"20:30","startHours":18.755549662992504,"endHours":20.505549662992504,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:15","end":"01:06","startHours":24.250406408526256,"endHours":25.094799315334537,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:20","end":"07:55","startHours":6.339656060868289,"endHours":7.922892761133816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:55","end":"09:30","startHours":7.922892761133816,"endHours":9.506129461399343,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:30","end":"11:05","startHours":9.506129461399343,"endHours":11.08936616166487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:05","end":"12:40","startHours":11.08936616166487,"endHours":12.672602861930397,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:40","end":"14:15","startHours":12.672602861930397,"endHours":14.255839562195924,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:15","end":"15:50","startHours":14.255839562195924,"endHours":15.83907626246145,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:50","end":"17:25","startHours":15.83907626246145,"endHours":17.422312962726977,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:25","end":"19:00","startHours":17.422312962726977,"endHours":19.005549662992504,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:00","end":"20:25","startHours":19.005549662992504,"endHours":20.422312962726977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:25","end":"21:50","startHours":20.422312962726977,"endHours":21.83907626246145,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:50","end":"23:15","startHours":21.83907626246145,"endHours":23.255839562195924,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:15","end":"00:40","startHours":23.255839562195924,"endHours":24.672602861930397,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:40","end":"02:05","startHours":24.672602861930397,"endHours":26.08936616166487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:05","end":"03:30","startHours":26.08936616166487,"endHours":27.506129461399343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:30","end":"04:55","startHours":27.506129461399343,"endHours":28.922892761133816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:55","end":"06:20","startHours":28.922892761133816,"endHours":30.33965606086829,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.339656060868289,"endHours":7.339656060868289,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.339656060868289,"endHours":8.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.33965606086829,"endHours":9.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.33965606086829,"endHours":10.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.33965606086829,"endHours":11.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.33965606086829,"endHours":12.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.33965606086829,"endHours":13.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.33965606086829,"endHours":14.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.33965606086829,"endHours":15.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.33965606086829,"endHours":16.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.33965606086829,"endHours":17.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.33965606086829,"endHours":18.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.33965606086829,"endHours":19.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.33965606086829,"endHours":20.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.33965606086829,"endHours":21.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.33965606086829,"endHours":22.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.33965606086829,"endHours":23.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.33965606086829,"endHours":24.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.33965606086829,"endHours":25.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.33965606086829,"endHours":26.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.33965606086829,"endHours":27.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.33965606086829,"endHours":28.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.33965606086829,"endHours":29.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.33965606086829,"endHours":30.33965606086829,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":11.565845751980625,"eotMinutes":-2.2685717158237404,"ayanamsa":23.834}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 23, 1998 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 23, 1998 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 19:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T02:56:44.779Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T02:56:44.779Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-04T02:56:44.779Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}