{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1998-08-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-08-16","date_display":"August 16, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451041.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862576.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.5451,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.2364,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.6913,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6913},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":43.2364,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2364},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":161.7815},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451041.770833,"ahargana":1862576.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8338,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":119.15873699999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":44.96393699999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4985},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":93.12493699999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":115.59103699999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":332.888737,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":99.44743699999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.744336999999973,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":131.7458,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":311.7458,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451041.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862576.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.5451,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.2364,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.6913,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6913},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":43.2364,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2364},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":161.7815},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.498,"elongation":75.309},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.498,"opposition_distance":104.691}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":6,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.467,"elongation":1.174}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"19:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":12.779131217582957,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 46 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 13 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:11","moonsetLocal":"14:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"19:05","startHours":17.493131799879148,"endHours":19.09052320207702,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:42","end":"14:18","startHours":12.70095759328554,"endHours":14.298348995483408,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:54","end":"17:30","startHours":15.89574039768128,"endHours":17.493131799879148,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:43","startHours":9.293189268596752,"endHours":9.71916030918285,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.843855785226684,"endHours":7.184632617695563,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:08","startHours":12.274986552699442,"endHours":13.126928633871639,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:36","end":"05:28","startHours":4.607507822149667,"endHours":5.459449903321864,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:15","end":"06:19","startHours":5.2464643830288145,"endHours":6.311391984494061,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:50","end":"15:41","startHours":14.830812796216033,"endHours":15.68275487738823,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:53","end":"19:17","startHours":18.89052320207702,"endHours":19.29052320207702,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:05","end":"19:37","startHours":19.09052320207702,"endHours":19.622987002809644,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:50","end":"20:35","startHours":18.84052320207702,"endHours":20.59052320207702,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:08","startHours":24.274986552699442,"endHours":25.12692863387164,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:55","startHours":6.311391984494061,"endHours":7.908783386691931,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:55","end":"09:30","startHours":7.908783386691931,"endHours":9.506174788889801,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:30","end":"11:06","startHours":9.506174788889801,"endHours":11.103566191087669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:06","end":"12:42","startHours":11.103566191087669,"endHours":12.70095759328554,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:42","end":"14:18","startHours":12.70095759328554,"endHours":14.298348995483408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:18","end":"15:54","startHours":14.298348995483408,"endHours":15.89574039768128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:54","end":"17:30","startHours":15.89574039768128,"endHours":17.493131799879148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:30","end":"19:05","startHours":17.493131799879148,"endHours":19.09052320207702,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:05","end":"20:30","startHours":19.09052320207702,"endHours":20.49313179987915,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:30","end":"21:54","startHours":20.49313179987915,"endHours":21.89574039768128,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:54","end":"23:18","startHours":21.89574039768128,"endHours":23.29834899548341,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:18","end":"00:42","startHours":23.29834899548341,"endHours":24.70095759328554,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:42","end":"02:06","startHours":24.70095759328554,"endHours":26.103566191087673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:06","end":"03:30","startHours":26.103566191087673,"endHours":27.5061747888898,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:30","end":"04:55","startHours":27.5061747888898,"endHours":28.90878338669193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:55","end":"06:19","startHours":28.90878338669193,"endHours":30.311391984494062,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.311391984494061,"endHours":7.311391984494061,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.311391984494061,"endHours":8.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.311391984494062,"endHours":9.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.311391984494062,"endHours":10.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.311391984494062,"endHours":11.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.311391984494062,"endHours":12.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.311391984494062,"endHours":13.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.311391984494062,"endHours":14.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.311391984494062,"endHours":15.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.311391984494062,"endHours":16.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.311391984494062,"endHours":17.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.311391984494062,"endHours":18.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.311391984494062,"endHours":19.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.311391984494062,"endHours":20.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.311391984494062,"endHours":21.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.311391984494062,"endHours":22.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.311391984494062,"endHours":23.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.311391984494062,"endHours":24.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.311391984494062,"endHours":25.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.311391984494062,"endHours":26.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.311391984494062,"endHours":27.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.311391984494062,"endHours":28.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.311391984494062,"endHours":29.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.311391984494062,"endHours":30.311391984494062,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.851292437857314,"eotMinutes":-3.969855597132357,"ayanamsa":23.8338}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 16, 1998 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 16, 1998 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 19:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-08-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T04:36:33.443Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T04:36:33.443Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-04T04:36:33.443Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}