{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1998-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450834.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862369.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.904,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.2971,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":274.3931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3931},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.2971,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6304},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.2011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450834.770833,"ahargana":1862369.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8258,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.962846,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":189.26054599999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3731},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":302.762346,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":257.375546,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":302.80184600000007,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":269.466146,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.819246,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":142.7137,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":322.7137,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450834.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862369.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.904,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.2971,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":274.3931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3931},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.2971,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6304},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":108.2011},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.373,"elongation":85.607},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.373,"opposition_distance":94.393}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:49","dayLengthHours":11.15525304744493,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:14","moonsetLocal":"12:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:49","end":"14:13","startHours":12.822388854152202,"endHours":14.216795485082816,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:38","end":"10:02","startHours":8.639168961360351,"endHours":10.033575592290969,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:26","end":"12:49","startHours":11.427982223221584,"endHours":12.822388854152202,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:51","end":"10:13","startHours":9.847654708166885,"endHours":10.21949647641505,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:43","end":"08:00","startHours":7.709564540739941,"endHours":8.007037955338472,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:27","end":"13:12","startHours":12.450547085904038,"endHours":13.194230622400365,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:45","end":"06:30","startHours":5.757395257437079,"endHours":6.501078793933407,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:15","startHours":6.315157909809325,"endHours":7.244762330429736,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:26","startHours":14.681597695393023,"endHours":15.425281231889352,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.200015377874667,"endHours":18.600015377874666,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:52","startHours":18.400015377874666,"endHours":18.86481758818487,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.150015377874666,"endHours":19.900015377874666,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:27","end":"01:12","startHours":24.450547085904038,"endHours":25.194230622400365,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.244762330429736,"endHours":8.639168961360351,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:38","end":"10:02","startHours":8.639168961360351,"endHours":10.033575592290969,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:02","end":"11:26","startHours":10.033575592290969,"endHours":11.427982223221584,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:26","end":"12:49","startHours":11.427982223221584,"endHours":12.822388854152202,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:49","end":"14:13","startHours":12.822388854152202,"endHours":14.216795485082816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:13","end":"15:37","startHours":14.216795485082816,"endHours":15.611202116013434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:37","end":"17:00","startHours":15.611202116013434,"endHours":17.00560874694405,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:00","end":"18:24","startHours":17.00560874694405,"endHours":18.400015377874666,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:24","end":"20:00","startHours":18.400015377874666,"endHours":20.00560874694405,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:00","end":"21:37","startHours":20.00560874694405,"endHours":21.611202116013434,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:37","end":"23:13","startHours":21.611202116013434,"endHours":23.21679548508282,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:13","end":"00:49","startHours":23.21679548508282,"endHours":24.8223888541522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:49","end":"02:26","startHours":24.8223888541522,"endHours":26.427982223221584,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:26","end":"04:02","startHours":26.427982223221584,"endHours":28.03357559229097,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:02","end":"05:38","startHours":28.03357559229097,"endHours":29.639168961360355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:38","end":"07:15","startHours":29.639168961360355,"endHours":31.244762330429737,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.244762330429736,"endHours":8.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.244762330429737,"endHours":9.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.244762330429737,"endHours":10.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.244762330429737,"endHours":11.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.244762330429737,"endHours":12.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.244762330429737,"endHours":13.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.244762330429737,"endHours":14.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.244762330429737,"endHours":15.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.244762330429737,"endHours":16.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.244762330429737,"endHours":17.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.244762330429737,"endHours":18.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.244762330429737,"endHours":19.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.244762330429737,"endHours":20.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.244762330429737,"endHours":21.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.244762330429737,"endHours":22.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.244762330429737,"endHours":23.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.244762330429737,"endHours":24.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.244762330429737,"endHours":25.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.244762330429737,"endHours":26.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.244762330429737,"endHours":27.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.244762330429737,"endHours":28.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.244762330429737,"endHours":29.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.244762330429737,"endHours":30.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.244762330429737,"endHours":31.244762330429737,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.97905362189349,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.8258}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1998 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1998 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1998-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:53:22.061Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:53:22.061Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T03:53:22.061Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}