{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1997-05-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1997-05-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-05-13","date_display":"May 13, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450581.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862116.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.5143,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.1658,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.6515,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6515},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":103.1658,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8325},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.6802},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450581.770833,"ahargana":1862116.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8162,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.513913000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.05951299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.5903},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":144.29161299999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":6.343012999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.943313,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":39.09821299999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":351.593813,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":156.1188,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":336.1188,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450581.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862116.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.5143,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.1658,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.6515,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6515},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":103.1658,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8325},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.6802},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.59,"elongation":74.652},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.59,"opposition_distance":105.348}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:04","sunsetLocal":"19:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":13.010171755628217,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:03","moonsetLocal":"00:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:49","end":"17:27","startHours":15.82477895984778,"endHours":17.451050429301308,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:19","end":"10:57","startHours":9.319693082033671,"endHours":10.945964551487197,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:34","end":"14:12","startHours":12.572236020940725,"endHours":14.198507490394253,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:32","startHours":9.102856886106535,"endHours":9.536529277960808,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:37","end":"06:57","startHours":6.609240632944459,"endHours":6.9561785464278785,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"13:00","startHours":12.138563629086454,"endHours":13.005908412795,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:20","end":"05:12","startHours":4.332460575709521,"endHours":5.199805359418069,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:59","end":"06:04","startHours":4.9829691634909326,"endHours":6.067150143126617,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:36","startHours":14.740597980212094,"endHours":15.607942763920642,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:53","end":"19:17","startHours":18.877321898754836,"endHours":19.277321898754835,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:05","end":"19:37","startHours":19.077321898754835,"endHours":19.619412388572677,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:50","end":"20:35","startHours":18.827321898754835,"endHours":20.577321898754835,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"01:00","startHours":24.138563629086455,"endHours":25.005908412795,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:04","end":"07:42","startHours":6.067150143126617,"endHours":7.693421612580144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:42","end":"09:19","startHours":7.693421612580144,"endHours":9.319693082033671,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:19","end":"10:57","startHours":9.319693082033671,"endHours":10.945964551487197,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:57","end":"12:34","startHours":10.945964551487197,"endHours":12.572236020940725,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:34","end":"14:12","startHours":12.572236020940725,"endHours":14.198507490394253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:49","startHours":14.198507490394253,"endHours":15.82477895984778,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:49","end":"17:27","startHours":15.82477895984778,"endHours":17.451050429301308,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:27","end":"19:05","startHours":17.451050429301308,"endHours":19.077321898754835,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:05","end":"20:27","startHours":19.077321898754835,"endHours":20.451050429301308,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:27","end":"21:49","startHours":20.451050429301308,"endHours":21.82477895984778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:49","end":"23:12","startHours":21.82477895984778,"endHours":23.198507490394256,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:12","end":"00:34","startHours":23.198507490394256,"endHours":24.57223602094073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:34","end":"01:57","startHours":24.57223602094073,"endHours":25.9459645514872,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:57","end":"03:19","startHours":25.9459645514872,"endHours":27.319693082033673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:19","end":"04:42","startHours":27.319693082033673,"endHours":28.693421612580146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:42","end":"06:04","startHours":28.693421612580146,"endHours":30.067150143126618,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":6.067150143126617,"endHours":7.067150143126617,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.067150143126617,"endHours":8.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.067150143126618,"endHours":9.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.067150143126618,"endHours":10.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.067150143126618,"endHours":11.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.067150143126618,"endHours":12.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.067150143126618,"endHours":13.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.067150143126618,"endHours":14.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.067150143126618,"endHours":15.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.067150143126618,"endHours":16.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.067150143126618,"endHours":17.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.067150143126618,"endHours":18.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.067150143126618,"endHours":19.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.067150143126618,"endHours":20.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.067150143126618,"endHours":21.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.067150143126618,"endHours":22.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.067150143126618,"endHours":23.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.067150143126618,"endHours":24.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.067150143126618,"endHours":25.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.067150143126618,"endHours":26.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.067150143126618,"endHours":27.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.067150143126618,"endHours":28.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.067150143126618,"endHours":29.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.067150143126618,"endHours":30.067150143126618,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.350133097083567,"eotMinutes":3.7534387435564067,"ayanamsa":23.8162}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"ganga-saptami","name":"Gaṅgā Saptamī","name_sanskrit":"गङ्गा सप्तमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Devī Gaṅgā","significance":"Gaṅgā Devī's descent to Brahma-loka before her earth-descent.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":7,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Gaṅgā Saptamī is not live yet; Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 13, 1997 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 13, 1997 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:04, sūryāsta 19:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1997-05-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1997-05-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1997-05-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1997-05-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1997-05-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T01:36:08.453Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T01:36:08.453Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-04T01:36:08.453Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}