{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1981-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1981-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444875.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.536,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":160.7545,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":0.2184,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2184},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":160.7545,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.7545},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.2905},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444875.770833,"ahargana":1856410.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5979,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.23632399999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":159.71072400000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9835},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":112.861424,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":187.28402400000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":174.00902399999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":204.18792399999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":167.93132400000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":98.4502,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":278.4502,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444875.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.536,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":160.7545,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":0.2184,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2184},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":160.7545,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.7545},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.2905},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.984,"elongation":0.218},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.984,"opposition_distance":179.782}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.028372313198645,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 01 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 58 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:21","moonsetLocal":"18:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:57","end":"09:27","startHours":7.954473890753555,"endHours":9.458020429903385,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:58","end":"12:28","startHours":10.961566969053216,"endHours":12.465113508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:58","end":"15:28","startHours":13.968660047352877,"endHours":15.472206586502708,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:15","end":"09:40","startHours":9.257547558016741,"endHours":9.65849330179003,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:16","startHours":6.9521095313203345,"endHours":7.272866126338965,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:52","startHours":12.064167764429758,"endHours":12.866059251976335,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:39","startHours":4.847144376510571,"endHours":5.649035864057147,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":5.448562992170503,"endHours":6.450927351603724,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:16","startHours":14.469842227069488,"endHours":15.271733714616065,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.27929966480237,"endHours":18.679299664802368,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:59","startHours":18.47929966480237,"endHours":18.98048184451898,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.22929966480237,"endHours":19.97929966480237,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:52","startHours":24.064167764429758,"endHours":24.866059251976335,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:27","end":"07:57","startHours":6.450927351603724,"endHours":7.954473890753555,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:57","end":"09:27","startHours":7.954473890753555,"endHours":9.458020429903385,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:27","end":"10:58","startHours":9.458020429903385,"endHours":10.961566969053216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:58","end":"12:28","startHours":10.961566969053216,"endHours":12.465113508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:28","end":"13:58","startHours":12.465113508203046,"endHours":13.968660047352877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:58","end":"15:28","startHours":13.968660047352877,"endHours":15.472206586502708,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:28","end":"16:59","startHours":15.472206586502708,"endHours":16.97575312565254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:59","end":"18:29","startHours":16.97575312565254,"endHours":18.47929966480237,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:29","end":"19:59","startHours":18.47929966480237,"endHours":19.97575312565254,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:59","end":"21:28","startHours":19.97575312565254,"endHours":21.472206586502708,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:28","end":"22:58","startHours":21.472206586502708,"endHours":22.968660047352877,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:58","end":"00:28","startHours":22.968660047352877,"endHours":24.465113508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:28","end":"01:58","startHours":24.465113508203046,"endHours":25.961566969053216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:58","end":"03:27","startHours":25.961566969053216,"endHours":27.458020429903385,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:27","end":"04:57","startHours":27.458020429903385,"endHours":28.954473890753555,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:57","end":"06:27","startHours":28.954473890753555,"endHours":30.450927351603724,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.450927351603724,"endHours":7.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.450927351603724,"endHours":8.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.450927351603724,"endHours":9.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.450927351603724,"endHours":10.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.450927351603724,"endHours":11.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.450927351603724,"endHours":12.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.450927351603724,"endHours":13.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.450927351603724,"endHours":14.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.450927351603724,"endHours":15.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.450927351603724,"endHours":16.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.450927351603724,"endHours":17.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.450927351603724,"endHours":18.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.450927351603724,"endHours":19.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.450927351603724,"endHours":20.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.450927351603724,"endHours":21.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.450927351603724,"endHours":22.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.450927351603724,"endHours":23.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.450927351603724,"endHours":24.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.450927351603724,"endHours":25.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.450927351603724,"endHours":26.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.450927351603724,"endHours":27.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.450927351603724,"endHours":28.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.450927351603724,"endHours":29.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.450927351603724,"endHours":30.450927351603724,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-1.9208071354449459,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":23.5979}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"sharadiya-navratri-start","name":"Śāradīya Navrātri Start","name_sanskrit":"शारदीय नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Durgā","significance":"Autumn Navrātri begins; Devī Mahiṣāsura-mardinī worship for 9 nights.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":1},{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 1981 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 1981 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1981-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1981-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1981-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1981-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1981-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T18:32:31.587Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T18:32:31.588Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T18:32:31.588Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}