{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1978-01-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-01-29","date_display":"January 29, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443537.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855072.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":285.2773,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":161.5414,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":236.264,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.264},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":161.5414,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5414},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":86.8187},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443537.770833,"ahargana":1855072.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5468,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":285.228845,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":159.07264499999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.6103},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":95.64934499999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":266.843345,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":63.074545,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":287.1706449999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":124.97294499999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.3439,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.3439,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443537.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855072.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":285.2773,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":161.5414,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":236.264,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.264},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":161.5414,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5414},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":86.8187},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.61,"elongation":123.736},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.61,"opposition_distance":56.264}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:14","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:51","dayLengthHours":11.253972324083085,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 44 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:26","moonsetLocal":"10:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:04","end":"18:29","startHours":17.0745683210764,"endHours":18.48131486158678,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:51","end":"14:16","startHours":12.854328699545238,"endHours":14.261075240055625,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:40","end":"17:04","startHours":15.66782178056601,"endHours":17.0745683210764,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:51","end":"10:14","startHours":9.853269413123083,"endHours":10.228401823925854,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:42","end":"08:00","startHours":7.696258051007159,"endHours":7.996363979649375,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:14","startHours":12.479196288742468,"endHours":13.229461110348009,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:29","startHours":5.726812894292619,"endHours":6.477077715898158,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:14","startHours":6.289511510496773,"endHours":7.227342537503697,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:29","startHours":14.729990753559086,"endHours":15.480255575164625,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.281314861586782,"endHours":18.68131486158678,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:57","startHours":18.48131486158678,"endHours":18.950230375090243,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.23131486158678,"endHours":19.98131486158678,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:14","startHours":24.479196288742468,"endHours":25.22946111034801,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:14","end":"08:38","startHours":7.227342537503697,"endHours":8.634089078014082,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:38","end":"10:02","startHours":8.634089078014082,"endHours":10.040835618524468,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:02","end":"11:27","startHours":10.040835618524468,"endHours":11.447582159034853,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:27","end":"12:51","startHours":11.447582159034853,"endHours":12.854328699545238,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:51","end":"14:16","startHours":12.854328699545238,"endHours":14.261075240055625,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:16","end":"15:40","startHours":14.261075240055625,"endHours":15.66782178056601,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:40","end":"17:04","startHours":15.66782178056601,"endHours":17.0745683210764,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:04","end":"18:29","startHours":17.0745683210764,"endHours":18.48131486158678,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:29","end":"20:04","startHours":18.48131486158678,"endHours":20.074568321076395,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:04","end":"21:40","startHours":20.074568321076395,"endHours":21.667821780566012,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:40","end":"23:16","startHours":21.667821780566012,"endHours":23.261075240055625,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:16","end":"00:51","startHours":23.261075240055625,"endHours":24.85432869954524,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:51","end":"02:27","startHours":24.85432869954524,"endHours":26.44758215903485,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:27","end":"04:02","startHours":26.44758215903485,"endHours":28.04083561852447,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:02","end":"05:38","startHours":28.04083561852447,"endHours":29.63408907801408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:38","end":"07:14","startHours":29.63408907801408,"endHours":31.227342537503695,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.227342537503697,"endHours":8.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.227342537503697,"endHours":9.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.227342537503697,"endHours":10.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.227342537503697,"endHours":11.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.227342537503697,"endHours":12.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.227342537503697,"endHours":13.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.227342537503697,"endHours":14.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.227342537503697,"endHours":15.227342537503697,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.227342537503697,"endHours":16.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.227342537503695,"endHours":17.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.227342537503695,"endHours":18.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.227342537503695,"endHours":19.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.227342537503695,"endHours":20.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.227342537503695,"endHours":21.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.227342537503695,"endHours":22.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.227342537503695,"endHours":23.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.227342537503695,"endHours":24.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.227342537503695,"endHours":25.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.227342537503695,"endHours":26.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.227342537503695,"endHours":27.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.227342537503695,"endHours":28.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.227342537503695,"endHours":29.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":29.227342537503695,"endHours":30.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":30.227342537503695,"endHours":31.227342537503695,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.06368508693073,"eotMinutes":-13.172121972714217,"ayanamsa":23.5468}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 29, 1978 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 29, 1978 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:14, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T21:28:08.660Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T21:28:08.660Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T21:28:08.660Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}