{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1978-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443529.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.0836,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.4501,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.3665,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3665},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":59.4501,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1168},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.5337},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443529.770833,"ahargana":1855064.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5464,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.095151,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":61.05665099999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2195},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":98.78685100000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":255.60625099999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":63.74195100000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":277.12335099999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":125.53135099999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.7677,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.7677,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443529.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.0836,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.4501,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.3665,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3665},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":59.4501,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1168},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.5337},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.219,"elongation":142.367},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.219,"opposition_distance":37.633}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:49","dayLengthHours":11.15359448619973,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:48","moonsetLocal":"05:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:02","end":"11:26","startHours":10.033990232602267,"endHours":11.428189543377234,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:13","end":"15:37","startHours":14.216588164927167,"endHours":15.610787475702132,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.245591611052336,"endHours":8.639790921827302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:51","end":"10:13","startHours":9.848096991165606,"endHours":10.21988347403893,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:43","end":"08:00","startHours":7.710324714643991,"endHours":8.007753900942651,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:27","end":"13:12","startHours":12.450602371278878,"endHours":13.194175337025525,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:30","startHours":5.758445679559038,"endHours":6.502018645305688,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:15","startHours":6.316125403869025,"endHours":7.245591611052336,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:25","startHours":14.681321268518822,"endHours":15.424894234265471,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.199186097252067,"endHours":18.599186097252066,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:52","startHours":18.399186097252066,"endHours":18.86391920084372,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.149186097252066,"endHours":19.899186097252066,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:27","end":"01:12","startHours":24.450602371278876,"endHours":25.194175337025527,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.245591611052336,"endHours":8.639790921827302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:38","end":"10:02","startHours":8.639790921827302,"endHours":10.033990232602267,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:02","end":"11:26","startHours":10.033990232602267,"endHours":11.428189543377234,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:26","end":"12:49","startHours":11.428189543377234,"endHours":12.822388854152202,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:49","end":"14:13","startHours":12.822388854152202,"endHours":14.216588164927167,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:13","end":"15:37","startHours":14.216588164927167,"endHours":15.610787475702132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:37","end":"17:00","startHours":15.610787475702132,"endHours":17.0049867864771,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:00","end":"18:24","startHours":17.0049867864771,"endHours":18.399186097252066,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:24","end":"20:00","startHours":18.399186097252066,"endHours":20.0049867864771,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:00","end":"21:37","startHours":20.0049867864771,"endHours":21.610787475702132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:37","end":"23:13","startHours":21.610787475702132,"endHours":23.216588164927167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:13","end":"00:49","startHours":23.216588164927167,"endHours":24.8223888541522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:49","end":"02:26","startHours":24.8223888541522,"endHours":26.428189543377236,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:26","end":"04:02","startHours":26.428189543377236,"endHours":28.03399023260227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:02","end":"05:38","startHours":28.03399023260227,"endHours":29.639790921827302,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:38","end":"07:15","startHours":29.639790921827302,"endHours":31.245591611052337,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.245591611052336,"endHours":8.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.245591611052337,"endHours":9.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.245591611052337,"endHours":10.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.245591611052337,"endHours":11.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.245591611052337,"endHours":12.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.245591611052337,"endHours":13.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.245591611052337,"endHours":14.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.245591611052337,"endHours":15.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.245591611052337,"endHours":16.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.245591611052337,"endHours":17.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.245591611052337,"endHours":18.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.245591611052337,"endHours":19.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.245591611052337,"endHours":20.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.245591611052337,"endHours":21.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.245591611052337,"endHours":22.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.245591611052337,"endHours":23.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.245591611052337,"endHours":24.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.245591611052337,"endHours":25.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.245591611052337,"endHours":26.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.245591611052337,"endHours":27.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.245591611052337,"endHours":28.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.245591611052337,"endHours":29.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.245591611052337,"endHours":30.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.245591611052337,"endHours":31.245591611052337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.0108526642789,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.5464}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1978 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1978 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1978-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T19:30:23.348Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T19:30:23.348Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T19:30:23.348Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}