{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1948-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1948-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1948-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 1948 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432566.770833,"kali_year":5049,"ahargana":1844101.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7097,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.7331,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":55.0235,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0235},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":326.7331,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7331},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":238.4428},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1948,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432566.770833,"ahargana":1844101.2708,"kali_year":5049,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1272,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.693218,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.95701800000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0406},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":134.840918,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":280.3824179999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":236.59571800000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":305.080918,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":118.305518,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":30.6402,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":210.6402,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432566.770833,"kali_year":5049,"ahargana":1844101.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7097,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.7331,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":55.0235,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0235},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":326.7331,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7331},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":238.4428},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.041,"elongation":55.023},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.041,"opposition_distance":124.977}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:48","dayLengthHours":11.093131224583026,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:18","moonsetLocal":"22:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:25","end":"12:48","startHours":11.409700289290083,"endHours":12.796341692362962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:34","end":"16:57","startHours":15.569624498508718,"endHours":16.956265901581595,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:38","end":"10:01","startHours":8.636417483144328,"endHours":10.023058886217205,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:50","end":"10:12","startHours":9.838173365807489,"endHours":10.207944406626922,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:43","end":"08:00","startHours":7.711989881095741,"endHours":8.007806713751288,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:26","end":"13:10","startHours":12.426570651543527,"endHours":13.166112733182397,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:31","startHours":5.770691916793712,"endHours":6.5102339984325805,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:20","end":"07:15","startHours":6.325348478022863,"endHours":7.249776080071449,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:23","startHours":14.645196896460131,"endHours":15.384738978099,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.142907304654475,"endHours":18.542907304654474,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:48","startHours":18.342907304654474,"endHours":18.80512110567877,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.092907304654474,"endHours":19.842907304654474,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:26","end":"01:10","startHours":24.42657065154353,"endHours":25.166112733182395,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.249776080071449,"endHours":8.636417483144328,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:38","end":"10:01","startHours":8.636417483144328,"endHours":10.023058886217205,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:01","end":"11:25","startHours":10.023058886217205,"endHours":11.409700289290083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:25","end":"12:48","startHours":11.409700289290083,"endHours":12.796341692362962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:48","end":"14:11","startHours":12.796341692362962,"endHours":14.18298309543584,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:11","end":"15:34","startHours":14.18298309543584,"endHours":15.569624498508718,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:34","end":"16:57","startHours":15.569624498508718,"endHours":16.956265901581595,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:57","end":"18:21","startHours":16.956265901581595,"endHours":18.342907304654474,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:21","end":"19:57","startHours":18.342907304654474,"endHours":19.956265901581595,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:57","end":"21:34","startHours":19.956265901581595,"endHours":21.569624498508716,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:34","end":"23:11","startHours":21.569624498508716,"endHours":23.18298309543584,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:11","end":"00:48","startHours":23.18298309543584,"endHours":24.79634169236296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:48","end":"02:25","startHours":24.79634169236296,"endHours":26.409700289290083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:25","end":"04:01","startHours":26.409700289290083,"endHours":28.023058886217207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:01","end":"05:38","startHours":28.023058886217207,"endHours":29.636417483144328,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:38","end":"07:15","startHours":29.636417483144328,"endHours":31.24977608007145,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.249776080071449,"endHours":8.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.249776080071449,"endHours":9.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.249776080071449,"endHours":10.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.249776080071449,"endHours":11.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.249776080071449,"endHours":12.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.249776080071449,"endHours":13.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.249776080071449,"endHours":14.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.249776080071449,"endHours":15.249776080071449,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.249776080071449,"endHours":16.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.24977608007145,"endHours":17.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.24977608007145,"endHours":18.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.24977608007145,"endHours":19.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.24977608007145,"endHours":20.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.24977608007145,"endHours":21.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.24977608007145,"endHours":22.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.24977608007145,"endHours":23.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.24977608007145,"endHours":24.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.24977608007145,"endHours":25.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.24977608007145,"endHours":26.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.24977608007145,"endHours":27.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.24977608007145,"endHours":28.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.24977608007145,"endHours":29.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.24977608007145,"endHours":30.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.24977608007145,"endHours":31.24977608007145,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.161197984307137,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":23.1272}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2005,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1870,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1355,"malayalam_era":1124,"nanakshahi_year":479,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2005 Plava · Śaka 1870 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 1948 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 1948 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1948-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1948-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1948-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1948-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1948-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:29:07.332Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:29:07.332Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T14:29:07.332Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}