{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1939-12-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1939-12-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-12-01","date_display":"December 1, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429598.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841133.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.5682,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.5489,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":231.9808,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9808},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":96.5489,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2156},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.1171},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429598.770833,"ahargana":1841133.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0136,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.92581799999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.85731799999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4987},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":315.1179179999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":220.32761800000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":336.59931800000004,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":247.64191800000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":2.472118000000023,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.8992,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.8992,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429598.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841133.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.5682,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.5489,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":231.9808,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9808},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":96.5489,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2156},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.1171},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.499,"elongation":128.019},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.499,"opposition_distance":51.981}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-20,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.042,"elongation":1.882}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:56","sunsetLocal":"18:00","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":11.068214544288205,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 06 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 54 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:28","moonsetLocal":"10:31","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:05","end":"12:28","startHours":11.082415671957301,"endHours":12.465942489993328,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:14","end":"16:37","startHours":15.232996126065379,"endHours":16.616522944101405,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:19","end":"09:42","startHours":8.31536203588525,"endHours":9.698888853921275,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:31","end":"09:53","startHours":9.514418611516472,"endHours":9.883359096326078,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:24","end":"07:41","startHours":7.393010823861233,"endHours":7.688163211708918,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:50","startHours":12.09700200518372,"endHours":12.834882974802932,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:27","end":"06:12","startHours":5.456073278610797,"endHours":6.1939542482300105,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:01","end":"06:56","startHours":6.0094840058252075,"endHours":6.931835217849224,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:03","startHours":14.310644914041362,"endHours":15.048525883660576,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:48","end":"18:12","startHours":17.80004976213743,"endHours":18.20004976213743,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:00","end":"18:28","startHours":18.00004976213743,"endHours":18.46122536814944,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:45","end":"19:30","startHours":17.75004976213743,"endHours":19.50004976213743,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:50","startHours":24.097002005183718,"endHours":24.83488297480293,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:56","end":"08:19","startHours":6.931835217849224,"endHours":8.31536203588525,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:19","end":"09:42","startHours":8.31536203588525,"endHours":9.698888853921275,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:42","end":"11:05","startHours":9.698888853921275,"endHours":11.082415671957301,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:05","end":"12:28","startHours":11.082415671957301,"endHours":12.465942489993328,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:28","end":"13:51","startHours":12.465942489993328,"endHours":13.849469308029352,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:51","end":"15:14","startHours":13.849469308029352,"endHours":15.232996126065379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:14","end":"16:37","startHours":15.232996126065379,"endHours":16.616522944101405,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:37","end":"18:00","startHours":16.616522944101405,"endHours":18.00004976213743,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:00","end":"19:37","startHours":18.00004976213743,"endHours":19.616522944101405,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:37","end":"21:14","startHours":19.616522944101405,"endHours":21.232996126065377,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:14","end":"22:51","startHours":21.232996126065377,"endHours":22.849469308029352,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:51","end":"00:28","startHours":22.849469308029352,"endHours":24.465942489993328,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:28","end":"02:05","startHours":24.465942489993328,"endHours":26.0824156719573,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:05","end":"03:42","startHours":26.0824156719573,"endHours":27.698888853921275,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:42","end":"05:19","startHours":27.698888853921275,"endHours":29.31536203588525,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:19","end":"06:56","startHours":29.31536203588525,"endHours":30.931835217849226,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.931835217849224,"endHours":7.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.931835217849224,"endHours":8.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.931835217849224,"endHours":9.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.931835217849224,"endHours":10.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.931835217849224,"endHours":11.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.931835217849224,"endHours":12.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.931835217849224,"endHours":13.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.931835217849224,"endHours":14.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.931835217849224,"endHours":15.931835217849224,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.931835217849224,"endHours":16.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.931835217849226,"endHours":17.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.931835217849226,"endHours":18.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.931835217849226,"endHours":19.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.931835217849226,"endHours":20.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.931835217849226,"endHours":21.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.931835217849226,"endHours":22.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.931835217849226,"endHours":23.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.931835217849226,"endHours":24.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.931835217849226,"endHours":25.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.931835217849226,"endHours":26.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.931835217849226,"endHours":27.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.931835217849226,"endHours":28.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.931835217849226,"endHours":29.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":29.931835217849226,"endHours":30.931835217849226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.630125708107528,"eotMinutes":10.131050600400467,"ayanamsa":23.0136}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 1, 1939 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 1, 1939 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:56, sūryāsta 18:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1939-12-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1939-12-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1939-12-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1939-12-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1939-12-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:32:11.280Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:32:11.280Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T20:32:11.280Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}