{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1891-10-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1891-10-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1891-10-28","date_display":"October 28, 1891 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1891,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2412033.770833,"kali_year":4993,"ahargana":1823568.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.5732,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.8282,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":306.255,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.255},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.8282,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.4949},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":329.4014},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1891,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2412033.770833,"ahargana":1823568.2708,"kali_year":4993,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.3418,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":192.00673000000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":140.48023,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4414},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":163.01333,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":193.36412999999993,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":317.29003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":203.77183000000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":154.24103000000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":38.5774,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":218.5774,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1891,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2412033.770833,"kali_year":4993,"ahargana":1823568.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":191.5732,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.8282,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":306.255,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.255},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.8282,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.4949},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":329.4014},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.441,"elongation":53.745},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.441,"opposition_distance":126.255}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":19,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.395,"opposition_distance":1.791}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:36","sunsetLocal":"18:07","solarNoonLocal":"12:22","dayLengthHours":11.507090718722035,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 30 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 29 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:44","moonsetLocal":"15:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:22","end":"13:48","startHours":12.361400071008479,"endHours":13.799786410848732,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:03","end":"09:29","startHours":8.046241051487716,"endHours":9.484627391327969,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:55","end":"12:22","startHours":10.923013731168224,"endHours":12.361400071008479,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:41","startHours":9.292842546015935,"endHours":9.676412236640003,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:05","end":"07:24","startHours":7.087316824927545,"endHours":7.3941725774268,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:45","startHours":11.977830380384411,"endHours":12.744969761632547,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:04","end":"05:50","startHours":5.07357594915119,"endHours":5.840715330399325,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:39","end":"06:36","startHours":5.648930485087291,"endHours":6.607854711647461,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:17","end":"15:03","startHours":14.279248524128818,"endHours":15.046387905376953,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:55","end":"18:19","startHours":17.914945430369496,"endHours":18.314945430369495,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:07","end":"18:36","startHours":18.114945430369495,"endHours":18.59440754364958,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:52","end":"19:37","startHours":17.864945430369495,"endHours":19.614945430369495,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:45","startHours":23.97783038038441,"endHours":24.744969761632547,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:36","end":"08:03","startHours":6.607854711647461,"endHours":8.046241051487716,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:03","end":"09:29","startHours":8.046241051487716,"endHours":9.484627391327969,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:29","end":"10:55","startHours":9.484627391327969,"endHours":10.923013731168224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:55","end":"12:22","startHours":10.923013731168224,"endHours":12.361400071008479,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:22","end":"13:48","startHours":12.361400071008479,"endHours":13.799786410848732,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:48","end":"15:14","startHours":13.799786410848732,"endHours":15.238172750688987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:14","end":"16:41","startHours":15.238172750688987,"endHours":16.67655909052924,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:41","end":"18:07","startHours":16.67655909052924,"endHours":18.114945430369495,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:07","end":"19:41","startHours":18.114945430369495,"endHours":19.676559090529242,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:41","end":"21:14","startHours":19.676559090529242,"endHours":21.238172750688985,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:14","end":"22:48","startHours":21.238172750688985,"endHours":22.799786410848732,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:48","end":"00:22","startHours":22.799786410848732,"endHours":24.36140007100848,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:22","end":"01:55","startHours":24.36140007100848,"endHours":25.923013731168226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:55","end":"03:29","startHours":25.923013731168226,"endHours":27.48462739132797,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:29","end":"05:03","startHours":27.48462739132797,"endHours":29.046241051487716,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:03","end":"06:36","startHours":29.046241051487716,"endHours":30.607854711647462,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:36","end":"07:36","startHours":6.607854711647461,"endHours":7.607854711647461,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:36","end":"08:36","startHours":7.607854711647461,"endHours":8.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:36","end":"09:36","startHours":8.60785471164746,"endHours":9.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:36","end":"10:36","startHours":9.60785471164746,"endHours":10.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:36","end":"11:36","startHours":10.60785471164746,"endHours":11.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:36","end":"12:36","startHours":11.60785471164746,"endHours":12.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:36","end":"13:36","startHours":12.60785471164746,"endHours":13.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:36","end":"14:36","startHours":13.60785471164746,"endHours":14.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:36","end":"15:36","startHours":14.60785471164746,"endHours":15.60785471164746,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:36","end":"16:36","startHours":15.60785471164746,"endHours":16.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:36","end":"17:36","startHours":16.607854711647462,"endHours":17.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:36","end":"18:36","startHours":17.607854711647462,"endHours":18.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:36","end":"19:36","startHours":18.607854711647462,"endHours":19.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:36","end":"20:36","startHours":19.607854711647462,"endHours":20.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:36","end":"21:36","startHours":20.607854711647462,"endHours":21.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:36","end":"22:36","startHours":21.607854711647462,"endHours":22.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:36","end":"23:36","startHours":22.607854711647462,"endHours":23.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:36","end":"00:36","startHours":23.607854711647462,"endHours":24.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:36","end":"01:36","startHours":24.607854711647462,"endHours":25.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:36","end":"02:36","startHours":25.607854711647462,"endHours":26.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:36","end":"03:36","startHours":26.607854711647462,"endHours":27.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:36","end":"04:36","startHours":27.607854711647462,"endHours":28.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:36","end":"05:36","startHours":28.607854711647462,"endHours":29.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:36","end":"06:36","startHours":29.607854711647462,"endHours":30.607854711647462,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-12.968234697842622,"eotMinutes":16.40359573949132,"ayanamsa":22.3418}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1948,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhi","saka_samvat":1813,"saka_samvatsara":"Khara","bengali_samvat":1298,"malayalam_era":1067,"nanakshahi_year":422,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 1948 Krodhi · Śaka 1813 Khara"},"festivals":[{"id":"utpanna-ekadashi","name":"Utpannā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"उत्पन्ना एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Ekādaśī Devī (born of Viṣṇu)","significance":"Birth-day of Ekādaśī Devī herself; first Ekādaśī observed historically.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 28, 1891 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 28, 1891 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:36, sūryāsta 18:07.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1891-10-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1891-10-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1891-10-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1891-10-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1891-10-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:32:50.128Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:32:50.128Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T08:32:50.128Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}