{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1874-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1874-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1874-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 1874 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1874,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2405582.770833,"kali_year":4975,"ahargana":1817117.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.6721,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":101.1046,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":143.4325,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4325},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":101.1046,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7712},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":58.7766},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1874,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2405582.770833,"ahargana":1817117.2708,"kali_year":4975,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.0951,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.22530500000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":101.714605,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.441},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":353.788305,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":336.726405,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":158.07770500000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":320.1160050000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":288.00750500000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.3824,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.3824,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1874,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2405582.770833,"kali_year":4975,"ahargana":1817117.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.6721,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":101.1046,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":143.4325,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4325},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":101.1046,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7712},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":58.7766},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.441,"elongation":143.433},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.441,"opposition_distance":36.567}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:59","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:51","dayLengthHours":11.74095648233127,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 44 Mins 27 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 15 Mins 33 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:59","moonsetLocal":"05:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:55","end":"11:23","startHours":9.91993852651764,"endHours":11.387558086809047,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:19","end":"15:47","startHours":14.322797207391865,"endHours":15.790416767683276,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:59","end":"08:27","startHours":6.984699405934822,"endHours":8.45231896622623,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:07","startHours":9.724255918478786,"endHours":10.115621134556495,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:28","end":"07:47","startHours":7.473905926031958,"endHours":7.786998098894125,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:28","end":"13:15","startHours":12.463812431022749,"endHours":13.246542863178167,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:25","end":"06:12","startHours":5.419238541623986,"endHours":6.201968973779404,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:00","end":"06:59","startHours":6.006286365740549,"endHours":6.984699405934822,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:36","startHours":14.812003727489003,"endHours":15.594734159644421,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.525655888266094,"endHours":18.925655888266093,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:13","startHours":18.725655888266093,"endHours":19.21486240836323,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.475655888266093,"endHours":20.225655888266093,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:28","end":"01:15","startHours":24.46381243102275,"endHours":25.246542863178167,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:59","end":"08:27","startHours":6.984699405934822,"endHours":8.45231896622623,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:27","end":"09:55","startHours":8.45231896622623,"endHours":9.91993852651764,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:55","end":"11:23","startHours":9.91993852651764,"endHours":11.387558086809047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:23","end":"12:51","startHours":11.387558086809047,"endHours":12.855177647100458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:51","end":"14:19","startHours":12.855177647100458,"endHours":14.322797207391865,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:19","end":"15:47","startHours":14.322797207391865,"endHours":15.790416767683276,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:47","end":"17:15","startHours":15.790416767683276,"endHours":17.258036327974683,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:44","startHours":17.258036327974683,"endHours":18.725655888266093,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:44","end":"20:15","startHours":18.725655888266093,"endHours":20.258036327974686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:15","end":"21:47","startHours":20.258036327974686,"endHours":21.790416767683276,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:47","end":"23:19","startHours":21.790416767683276,"endHours":23.322797207391865,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:19","end":"00:51","startHours":23.322797207391865,"endHours":24.855177647100458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:51","end":"02:23","startHours":24.855177647100458,"endHours":26.38755808680905,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:23","end":"03:55","startHours":26.38755808680905,"endHours":27.91993852651764,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:55","end":"05:27","startHours":27.91993852651764,"endHours":29.45231896622623,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:27","end":"06:59","startHours":29.45231896622623,"endHours":30.984699405934823,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.984699405934822,"endHours":7.984699405934822,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.984699405934822,"endHours":8.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.984699405934823,"endHours":9.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.984699405934823,"endHours":10.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.984699405934823,"endHours":11.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.984699405934823,"endHours":12.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.984699405934823,"endHours":13.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.984699405934823,"endHours":14.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.984699405934823,"endHours":15.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.984699405934823,"endHours":16.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.984699405934823,"endHours":17.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.984699405934823,"endHours":18.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.984699405934823,"endHours":19.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.984699405934823,"endHours":20.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.984699405934823,"endHours":21.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.984699405934823,"endHours":22.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.984699405934823,"endHours":23.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.984699405934823,"endHours":24.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.984699405934823,"endHours":25.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.984699405934823,"endHours":26.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.984699405934823,"endHours":27.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.984699405934823,"endHours":28.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.984699405934823,"endHours":29.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":29.984699405934823,"endHours":30.984699405934823,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.074228560380963,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":22.0951}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1931,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sarvajit","saka_samvat":1796,"saka_samvatsara":"Bhāva","bengali_samvat":1281,"malayalam_era":1050,"nanakshahi_year":405,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1931 Sarvajit · Śaka 1796 Bhāva"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 1874 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 1874 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:59, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1874-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1874-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1874-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1874-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1874-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T02:24:16.248Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T02:24:16.248Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T02:24:16.248Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}