{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:1859-07-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1859-07-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1859-07-20","date_display":"July 20, 1859 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1859,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2400245.770833,"kali_year":4961,"ahargana":1811780.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.723,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.2277,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.5047,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5047},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":333.2277,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2277},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.9507},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1859,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2400245.770833,"ahargana":1811780.2708,"kali_year":4961,"ayanamsa_lahiri":21.891,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.85781800000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":329.336818,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.2527},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":97.31471799999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":121.05271800000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.34641799999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":78.03731800000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":112.45571799999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":303.1624,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":123.1624,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1859,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2400245.770833,"kali_year":4961,"ahargana":1811780.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":94.723,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.2277,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.5047,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5047},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":333.2277,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2277},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.9507},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.253,"elongation":121.495},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.253,"opposition_distance":58.505}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.303,"elongation":1.573}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:10","sunsetLocal":"19:18","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":13.141880044412762,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 31 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 29 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:24","moonsetLocal":"10:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:44","end":"14:23","startHours":12.734697020252622,"endHours":14.377432025804218,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:48","end":"09:27","startHours":7.806492003597837,"endHours":9.449227009149432,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.091962014701028,"endHours":12.734697020252622,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:40","startHours":9.230195675075887,"endHours":9.668258343222977,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:43","end":"07:04","startHours":6.711335333230107,"endHours":7.0617854677477805,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:10","startHours":12.296634352105531,"endHours":13.172759688399715,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:25","end":"05:17","startHours":4.411506325457873,"endHours":5.287631661752057,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:04","end":"06:10","startHours":5.068600327678512,"endHours":6.163756998046241,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:56","end":"15:48","startHours":14.925010360988082,"endHours":15.801135697282266,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:06","end":"19:30","startHours":19.105637042459005,"endHours":19.505637042459004,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:18","end":"19:51","startHours":19.305637042459004,"endHours":19.85321537764287,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:03","end":"20:48","startHours":19.055637042459004,"endHours":20.805637042459004,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:10","startHours":24.29663435210553,"endHours":25.17275968839972,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:10","end":"07:48","startHours":6.163756998046241,"endHours":7.806492003597837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:48","end":"09:27","startHours":7.806492003597837,"endHours":9.449227009149432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"11:06","startHours":9.449227009149432,"endHours":11.091962014701028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.091962014701028,"endHours":12.734697020252622,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:44","end":"14:23","startHours":12.734697020252622,"endHours":14.377432025804218,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:23","end":"16:01","startHours":14.377432025804218,"endHours":16.020167031355815,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:01","end":"17:40","startHours":16.020167031355815,"endHours":17.662902036907408,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:40","end":"19:18","startHours":17.662902036907408,"endHours":19.305637042459004,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:18","end":"20:40","startHours":19.305637042459004,"endHours":20.662902036907408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:40","end":"22:01","startHours":20.662902036907408,"endHours":22.020167031355815,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:01","end":"23:23","startHours":22.020167031355815,"endHours":23.377432025804218,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:23","end":"00:44","startHours":23.377432025804218,"endHours":24.734697020252625,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:44","end":"02:06","startHours":24.734697020252625,"endHours":26.09196201470103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:06","end":"03:27","startHours":26.09196201470103,"endHours":27.449227009149432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:27","end":"04:48","startHours":27.449227009149432,"endHours":28.80649200359784,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:48","end":"06:10","startHours":28.80649200359784,"endHours":30.163756998046242,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":6.163756998046241,"endHours":7.163756998046241,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.163756998046241,"endHours":8.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.163756998046242,"endHours":9.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.163756998046242,"endHours":10.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.163756998046242,"endHours":11.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.163756998046242,"endHours":12.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.163756998046242,"endHours":13.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.163756998046242,"endHours":14.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.163756998046242,"endHours":15.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.163756998046242,"endHours":16.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.163756998046242,"endHours":17.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.163756998046242,"endHours":18.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.163756998046242,"endHours":19.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.163756998046242,"endHours":20.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.163756998046242,"endHours":21.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.163756998046242,"endHours":22.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.163756998046242,"endHours":23.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.163756998046242,"endHours":24.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.163756998046242,"endHours":25.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.163756998046242,"endHours":26.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.163756998046242,"endHours":27.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.163756998046242,"endHours":28.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.163756998046242,"endHours":29.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.163756998046242,"endHours":30.163756998046242,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":20.80388852776203,"eotMinutes":-5.99422121515736,"ayanamsa":21.891}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1916,"vikram_samvatsara":"Aṅgirasa","saka_samvat":1781,"saka_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","bengali_samvat":1266,"malayalam_era":1035,"nanakshahi_year":390,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 1916 Aṅgirasa · Śaka 1781 Siddhārthī"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 20, 1859 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 20, 1859 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:10, sūryāsta 19:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1859-07-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1859-07-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1859-07-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1859-07-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/1859-07-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T08:45:02.520Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T08:45:02.520Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T08:45:02.520Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}