{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:sydney:2017-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2017-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457965.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869500.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3768,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":196.4991,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":93.1224,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.1224},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":196.4991,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8325},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":299.8759},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457965.770833,"ahargana":1869500.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0986,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.94939,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.40049,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.27},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":102.44648999999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":130.91598999999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":172.42598999999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":64.97998999999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":237.43749000000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":124.879,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":304.879,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457965.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869500.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3768,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":196.4991,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":93.1224,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.1224},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":196.4991,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8325},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":299.8759},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.27,"elongation":93.122},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.27,"opposition_distance":86.878}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"sydney","name":"Sydney, Australia","lat":-33.8688,"lon":151.2093,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"sydney","name":"Sydney, Australia","lat":-33.8688,"lon":151.2093,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:48","sunsetLocal":"17:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":10.43893499744551,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 26 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 33 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:33","moonsetLocal":"01:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:06","end":"09:25","startHours":8.105968951163778,"endHours":9.410835825844467,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:43","end":"12:01","startHours":10.715702700525156,"endHours":12.020569575205844,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:20","end":"14:38","startHours":13.325436449886535,"endHours":14.630303324567222,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:35","startHours":9.236853575887043,"endHours":9.584818075801891,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:14","end":"07:31","startHours":7.2360577013766525,"endHours":7.514429301308533,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:22","startHours":11.672605075290996,"endHours":12.368534075120696,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:25","end":"06:06","startHours":5.409244076823688,"endHours":6.105173076653388,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:56","end":"06:48","startHours":5.931190826695963,"endHours":6.801102076483089,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:27","startHours":13.760392074780096,"endHours":14.456321074609797,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:02","end":"17:26","startHours":17.040037073928602,"endHours":17.4400370739286,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:14","end":"17:40","startHours":17.2400370739286,"endHours":17.674992698822162,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:59","end":"18:44","startHours":16.9900370739286,"endHours":18.7400370739286,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:22","startHours":23.672605075290996,"endHours":24.3685340751207,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:48","end":"08:06","startHours":6.801102076483089,"endHours":8.105968951163778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:06","end":"09:25","startHours":8.105968951163778,"endHours":9.410835825844467,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:25","end":"10:43","startHours":9.410835825844467,"endHours":10.715702700525156,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:43","end":"12:01","startHours":10.715702700525156,"endHours":12.020569575205844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:01","end":"13:20","startHours":12.020569575205844,"endHours":13.325436449886535,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:20","end":"14:38","startHours":13.325436449886535,"endHours":14.630303324567222,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:38","end":"15:56","startHours":14.630303324567222,"endHours":15.93517019924791,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:56","end":"17:14","startHours":15.93517019924791,"endHours":17.2400370739286,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:14","end":"18:56","startHours":17.2400370739286,"endHours":18.935170199247914,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:56","end":"20:38","startHours":18.935170199247914,"endHours":20.630303324567222,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:38","end":"22:20","startHours":20.630303324567222,"endHours":22.325436449886535,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:20","end":"00:01","startHours":22.325436449886535,"endHours":24.020569575205847,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:01","end":"01:43","startHours":24.020569575205847,"endHours":25.715702700525156,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:43","end":"03:25","startHours":25.715702700525156,"endHours":27.41083582584447,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:25","end":"05:06","startHours":27.41083582584447,"endHours":29.10596895116378,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:06","end":"06:48","startHours":29.10596895116378,"endHours":30.80110207648309,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:48","end":"07:48","startHours":6.801102076483089,"endHours":7.801102076483089,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:48","end":"08:48","startHours":7.801102076483089,"endHours":8.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:48","end":"09:48","startHours":8.80110207648309,"endHours":9.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:48","end":"10:48","startHours":9.80110207648309,"endHours":10.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:48","end":"11:48","startHours":10.80110207648309,"endHours":11.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:48","end":"12:48","startHours":11.80110207648309,"endHours":12.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:48","end":"13:48","startHours":12.80110207648309,"endHours":13.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:48","end":"14:48","startHours":13.80110207648309,"endHours":14.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:48","end":"15:48","startHours":14.80110207648309,"endHours":15.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:48","end":"16:48","startHours":15.80110207648309,"endHours":16.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:48","end":"17:48","startHours":16.80110207648309,"endHours":17.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:48","end":"18:48","startHours":17.80110207648309,"endHours":18.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:48","end":"19:48","startHours":18.80110207648309,"endHours":19.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:48","end":"20:48","startHours":19.80110207648309,"endHours":20.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:48","end":"21:48","startHours":20.80110207648309,"endHours":21.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:48","end":"22:48","startHours":21.80110207648309,"endHours":22.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:48","end":"23:48","startHours":22.80110207648309,"endHours":23.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:48","end":"00:48","startHours":23.80110207648309,"endHours":24.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:48","end":"01:48","startHours":24.80110207648309,"endHours":25.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:48","end":"02:48","startHours":25.80110207648309,"endHours":26.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:48","end":"03:48","startHours":26.80110207648309,"endHours":27.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:48","end":"04:48","startHours":27.80110207648309,"endHours":28.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:48","end":"05:48","startHours":28.80110207648309,"endHours":29.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:48","end":"06:48","startHours":29.80110207648309,"endHours":30.80110207648309,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.25292256433708,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.0986}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"sydney"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2017 CE · Sydney, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2017 CE for Sydney, Australia: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:48, sūryāsta 17:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2017-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2017-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2017-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2017-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2017-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:48:31.427Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:48:31.427Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T12:48:31.427Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}