{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:sydney:2009-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2009-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454918.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866453.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.6644,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":0.0032,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.3388,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3388},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":0.0032,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0032},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":343.6676},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454918.770833,"ahargana":1866453.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.982,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.512607,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":0.7202070000000163,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3183},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":316.013507,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":340.109507,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":294.79680699999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":343.051407,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":142.70900700000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":286.3237,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":106.3237,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454918.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866453.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.6644,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":0.0032,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.3388,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3388},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":0.0032,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0032},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":343.6676},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.318,"elongation":16.339},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.318,"opposition_distance":163.661}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"sydney","name":"Sydney, Australia","lat":-33.8688,"lon":151.2093,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"sydney","name":"Sydney, Australia","lat":-33.8688,"lon":151.2093,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:05","sunsetLocal":"17:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":11.86757586315137,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 52 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 07 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:33","moonsetLocal":"18:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:32","startHours":9.04615507431885,"endHours":10.52960205721277,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:30","end":"14:59","startHours":13.496496023000613,"endHours":14.979943005894533,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:05","end":"07:34","startHours":6.079261108531008,"endHours":7.562708091424929,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:15","startHours":8.848362143266328,"endHours":9.243948005371372,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:34","end":"06:53","startHours":6.5737434361623155,"endHours":6.890212125846352,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:37","end":"12:25","startHours":11.617463178001646,"endHours":12.408634902211737,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:30","end":"05:17","startHours":4.496917660110825,"endHours":5.288089384320917,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":5.090296453268394,"endHours":6.079261108531008,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:59","end":"14:47","startHours":13.99097835063192,"endHours":14.782150074842011,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:45","end":"18:09","startHours":17.746836971682377,"endHours":18.146836971682376,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:57","end":"18:26","startHours":17.946836971682377,"endHours":18.441319299313683,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:42","end":"19:27","startHours":17.696836971682377,"endHours":19.446836971682377,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:37","end":"00:25","startHours":23.61746317800165,"endHours":24.408634902211737,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:05","end":"07:34","startHours":6.079261108531008,"endHours":7.562708091424929,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:34","end":"09:03","startHours":7.562708091424929,"endHours":9.04615507431885,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:03","end":"10:32","startHours":9.04615507431885,"endHours":10.52960205721277,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:32","end":"12:01","startHours":10.52960205721277,"endHours":12.013049040106694,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:01","end":"13:30","startHours":12.013049040106694,"endHours":13.496496023000613,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:30","end":"14:59","startHours":13.496496023000613,"endHours":14.979943005894533,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:59","end":"16:28","startHours":14.979943005894533,"endHours":16.463389988788457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:28","end":"17:57","startHours":16.463389988788457,"endHours":17.946836971682377,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:57","end":"19:28","startHours":17.946836971682377,"endHours":19.463389988788457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:28","end":"20:59","startHours":19.463389988788457,"endHours":20.979943005894533,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:59","end":"22:30","startHours":20.979943005894533,"endHours":22.496496023000613,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:30","end":"00:01","startHours":22.496496023000613,"endHours":24.013049040106694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:01","end":"01:32","startHours":24.013049040106694,"endHours":25.52960205721277,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:32","end":"03:03","startHours":25.52960205721277,"endHours":27.04615507431885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:03","end":"04:34","startHours":27.04615507431885,"endHours":28.56270809142493,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:34","end":"06:05","startHours":28.56270809142493,"endHours":30.079261108531007,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":6.079261108531008,"endHours":7.079261108531008,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.079261108531008,"endHours":8.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.079261108531007,"endHours":9.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.079261108531007,"endHours":10.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.079261108531007,"endHours":11.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.079261108531007,"endHours":12.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.079261108531007,"endHours":13.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.079261108531007,"endHours":14.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.079261108531007,"endHours":15.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.079261108531007,"endHours":16.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.079261108531007,"endHours":17.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.079261108531007,"endHours":18.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.079261108531007,"endHours":19.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.079261108531007,"endHours":20.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.079261108531007,"endHours":21.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.079261108531007,"endHours":22.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.079261108531007,"endHours":23.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.079261108531007,"endHours":24.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.079261108531007,"endHours":25.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.079261108531007,"endHours":26.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.079261108531007,"endHours":27.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.079261108531007,"endHours":28.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.079261108531007,"endHours":29.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.079261108531007,"endHours":30.079261108531007,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.973690171489227,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":23.982}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"sydney"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 2009 CE · Sydney, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 2009 CE for Sydney, Australia: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:05, sūryāsta 17:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2009-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2009-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2009-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2009-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/sydney/2009-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:30.251Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:30.251Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:30.251Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}