{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:surat:2001-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452153.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863688.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.1168,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.4077,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":159.2909,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2909},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":293.4077,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0744},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.5245},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452153.770833,"ahargana":1863688.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8763,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.807751,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":294.41055099999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.9256},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.36335099999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":156.06605100000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":75.99605099999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":101.92625099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":50.42805099999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":72.8267,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":252.8267,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452153.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863688.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.1168,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.4077,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":159.2909,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2909},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":293.4077,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0744},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.5245},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.926,"elongation":159.291},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.926,"opposition_distance":20.709}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"surat","name":"Surat, Gujarat","lat":21.1702,"lon":72.8311,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":13},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"surat","name":"Surat, Gujarat","lat":21.1702,"lon":72.8311,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":13},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.553140776541852,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 33 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 26 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:38","moonsetLocal":"04:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:30","end":"11:04","startHours":9.498374509013313,"endHours":11.067517106081045,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:12","end":"15:46","startHours":14.205802300216508,"endHours":15.77494489728424,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:22","end":"07:56","startHours":6.3600893148778495,"endHours":7.929231911945581,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:17","end":"09:42","startHours":9.289155496070949,"endHours":9.707593521955676,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:13","startHours":6.88313684723376,"endHours":7.217887267941543,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:03","startHours":12.218221677264047,"endHours":13.055097729033506,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:41","end":"05:31","startHours":4.686337211338936,"endHours":5.523213263108393,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:22","startHours":5.313994250166028,"endHours":6.3600893148778495,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:34","startHours":14.728849832572418,"endHours":15.565725884341875,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:43","end":"19:07","startHours":18.713230091419703,"endHours":19.1132300914197,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:55","end":"19:26","startHours":18.913230091419702,"endHours":19.436277623775613,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:40","end":"20:25","startHours":18.663230091419702,"endHours":20.413230091419702,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:03","startHours":24.218221677264047,"endHours":25.055097729033506,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:22","end":"07:56","startHours":6.3600893148778495,"endHours":7.929231911945581,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:56","end":"09:30","startHours":7.929231911945581,"endHours":9.498374509013313,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:30","end":"11:04","startHours":9.498374509013313,"endHours":11.067517106081045,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:04","end":"12:38","startHours":11.067517106081045,"endHours":12.636659703148776,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:38","end":"14:12","startHours":12.636659703148776,"endHours":14.205802300216508,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:12","end":"15:46","startHours":14.205802300216508,"endHours":15.77494489728424,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:46","end":"17:21","startHours":15.77494489728424,"endHours":17.34408749435197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"18:55","startHours":17.34408749435197,"endHours":18.913230091419702,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:55","end":"20:21","startHours":18.913230091419702,"endHours":20.34408749435197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:21","end":"21:46","startHours":20.34408749435197,"endHours":21.77494489728424,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:46","end":"23:12","startHours":21.77494489728424,"endHours":23.205802300216508,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:12","end":"00:38","startHours":23.205802300216508,"endHours":24.636659703148776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:38","end":"02:04","startHours":24.636659703148776,"endHours":26.067517106081045,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:04","end":"03:30","startHours":26.067517106081045,"endHours":27.498374509013313,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:30","end":"04:56","startHours":27.498374509013313,"endHours":28.929231911945582,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:56","end":"06:22","startHours":28.929231911945582,"endHours":30.36008931487785,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.3600893148778495,"endHours":7.3600893148778495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.3600893148778495,"endHours":8.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.36008931487785,"endHours":9.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.36008931487785,"endHours":10.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.36008931487785,"endHours":11.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.36008931487785,"endHours":12.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.36008931487785,"endHours":13.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.36008931487785,"endHours":14.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.36008931487785,"endHours":15.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.36008931487785,"endHours":16.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.36008931487785,"endHours":17.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.36008931487785,"endHours":18.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.36008931487785,"endHours":19.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.36008931487785,"endHours":20.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.36008931487785,"endHours":21.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.36008931487785,"endHours":22.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.36008931487785,"endHours":23.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.36008931487785,"endHours":24.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.36008931487785,"endHours":25.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.36008931487785,"endHours":26.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.36008931487785,"endHours":27.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.36008931487785,"endHours":28.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.36008931487785,"endHours":29.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.36008931487785,"endHours":30.36008931487785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.312955868766522,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":23.8763}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada (Adhika) Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":true,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada (Adhika) Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"surat"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2001 CE · Surat, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2001 CE for Surat, Gujarat: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T20:15:20.184Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T20:15:20.184Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T20:15:20.184Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}