{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:surat:2001-01-04:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-01-04","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-04","date_display":"January 4, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451913.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863448.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":259.6729,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.8897,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.2167,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2167},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.8897,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.8897},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":265.5626},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451913.770833,"ahargana":1863448.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8671,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":259.881221,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":2.776221000000021,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4267},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":192.81492100000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":265.40852100000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":38.06132100000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":306.43572100000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.503520999999978,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.5431,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.5431,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451913.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863448.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":259.6729,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.8897,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.2167,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2167},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.8897,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.8897},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":265.5626},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.427,"elongation":106.217},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.427,"opposition_distance":73.783}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":6,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"surat","name":"Surat, Gujarat","lat":21.1702,"lon":72.8311,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":13},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"surat","name":"Surat, Gujarat","lat":21.1702,"lon":72.8311,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":13},"sunriseLocal":"07:17","sunsetLocal":"18:10","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":10.885959910606417,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:17","moonsetLocal":"01:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:05","end":"15:27","startHours":14.089070103248236,"endHours":15.44981509207404,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:17","end":"08:39","startHours":7.285345159119227,"endHours":8.646090147945028,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:00","end":"11:22","startHours":10.006835136770832,"endHours":11.367580125596632,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:50","end":"10:11","startHours":9.825402471594057,"endHours":10.188267801947605,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:44","end":"08:02","startHours":7.738926822061161,"endHours":8.029219086343998,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:05","startHours":12.36545978406889,"endHours":13.091190444775982,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:50","end":"06:34","startHours":5.833883837705038,"endHours":6.559614498412132,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:23","end":"07:17","startHours":6.378181833235359,"endHours":7.285345159119227,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:33","end":"15:16","startHours":14.542651766190172,"endHours":15.268382426897267,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:58","end":"18:22","startHours":17.971305069725645,"endHours":18.371305069725643,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:10","end":"18:37","startHours":18.171305069725644,"endHours":18.624886732667576,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:55","end":"19:40","startHours":17.921305069725644,"endHours":19.671305069725644,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:05","startHours":24.36545978406889,"endHours":25.091190444775982,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:17","end":"08:39","startHours":7.285345159119227,"endHours":8.646090147945028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:39","end":"10:00","startHours":8.646090147945028,"endHours":10.006835136770832,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:00","end":"11:22","startHours":10.006835136770832,"endHours":11.367580125596632,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:22","end":"12:44","startHours":11.367580125596632,"endHours":12.728325114422436,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:44","end":"14:05","startHours":12.728325114422436,"endHours":14.089070103248236,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:05","end":"15:27","startHours":14.089070103248236,"endHours":15.44981509207404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:27","end":"16:49","startHours":15.44981509207404,"endHours":16.81056008089984,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:49","end":"18:10","startHours":16.81056008089984,"endHours":18.171305069725644,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:10","end":"19:49","startHours":18.171305069725644,"endHours":19.81056008089984,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:49","end":"21:27","startHours":19.81056008089984,"endHours":21.44981509207404,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:27","end":"23:05","startHours":21.44981509207404,"endHours":23.08907010324824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:05","end":"00:44","startHours":23.08907010324824,"endHours":24.728325114422436,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:44","end":"02:22","startHours":24.728325114422436,"endHours":26.367580125596632,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:22","end":"04:00","startHours":26.367580125596632,"endHours":28.00683513677083,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:00","end":"05:39","startHours":28.00683513677083,"endHours":29.64609014794503,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:39","end":"07:17","startHours":29.64609014794503,"endHours":31.285345159119228,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.285345159119227,"endHours":8.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.285345159119228,"endHours":9.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.285345159119228,"endHours":10.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.285345159119228,"endHours":11.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.285345159119228,"endHours":12.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.285345159119228,"endHours":13.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.285345159119228,"endHours":14.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.285345159119228,"endHours":15.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.285345159119228,"endHours":16.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.285345159119228,"endHours":17.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.285345159119228,"endHours":18.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.285345159119228,"endHours":19.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.285345159119228,"endHours":20.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.285345159119228,"endHours":21.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.285345159119228,"endHours":22.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.285345159119228,"endHours":23.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.285345159119228,"endHours":24.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.285345159119228,"endHours":25.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.285345159119228,"endHours":26.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.285345159119228,"endHours":27.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.285345159119228,"endHours":28.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.285345159119228,"endHours":29.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.285345159119228,"endHours":30.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":30.285345159119228,"endHours":31.285345159119228,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.72677058724439,"eotMinutes":-5.02390686534617,"ayanamsa":23.8671}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"surat"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 4, 2001 CE · Surat, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 4, 2001 CE for Surat, Gujarat: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 07:17, sūryāsta 18:10.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-01-04","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-01-04","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-01-04","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-01-04","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/surat/2001-01-04"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T22:48:55.877Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T22:48:55.877Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T22:48:55.877Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}