{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:singapore:2026-03-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/singapore/2026-03-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-03-23","date_display":"March 23, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":3,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461122.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872657.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":338.3201,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.4971,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.1769,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.1769},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.4971,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.8304},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.8172},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":3,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461122.770833,"ahargana":1872657.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2193,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":338.203269,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":31.391069000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2767},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":321.463669,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":314.21556899999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":80.92936900000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":356.018469,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":340.296869,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":317.6059,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":137.6059,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":3,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461122.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872657.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":338.3201,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.4971,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.1769,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.1769},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.4971,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.8304},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.8172},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.277,"elongation":51.177},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.277,"opposition_distance":128.823}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.168,"elongation":1.468}]},"city":{"slug":"singapore","name":"Singapore","lat":1.3521,"lon":103.8198,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"SG","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"singapore","name":"Singapore","lat":1.3521,"lon":103.8198,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"SG","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"19:15","solarNoonLocal":"13:12","dayLengthHours":12.114145465439687,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 06 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 53 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:40","moonsetLocal":"22:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:39","end":"10:10","startHours":8.656124835072816,"endHours":10.170393018252778,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:41","end":"13:12","startHours":11.68466120143274,"endHours":13.1989293846127,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:43","end":"16:14","startHours":14.713197567792662,"endHours":16.22746575097262,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:58","end":"10:22","startHours":9.968490593828783,"endHours":10.372295442676773,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:58","startHours":7.646612712952843,"endHours":7.969656592031234,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:48","end":"13:36","startHours":12.795124535764709,"endHours":13.602734233460689,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:32","end":"06:20","startHours":5.526637256500898,"endHours":6.3342469541968764,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:09","startHours":6.132344529772882,"endHours":7.141856651892856,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:13","end":"16:02","startHours":15.217953628852648,"endHours":16.025563326548628,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:03","end":"19:27","startHours":19.056002117332543,"endHours":19.45600211733254,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:15","end":"19:46","startHours":19.256002117332542,"endHours":19.76075817839253,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:45","startHours":19.006002117332542,"endHours":20.756002117332542,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:48","end":"01:36","startHours":24.795124535764707,"endHours":25.602734233460687,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:09","end":"08:39","startHours":7.141856651892856,"endHours":8.656124835072816,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:39","end":"10:10","startHours":8.656124835072816,"endHours":10.170393018252778,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:10","end":"11:41","startHours":10.170393018252778,"endHours":11.68466120143274,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:41","end":"13:12","startHours":11.68466120143274,"endHours":13.1989293846127,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:12","end":"14:43","startHours":13.1989293846127,"endHours":14.713197567792662,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:43","end":"16:14","startHours":14.713197567792662,"endHours":16.22746575097262,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:14","end":"17:45","startHours":16.22746575097262,"endHours":17.74173393415258,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:45","end":"19:15","startHours":17.74173393415258,"endHours":19.256002117332542,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:15","end":"20:45","startHours":19.256002117332542,"endHours":20.74173393415258,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:45","end":"22:14","startHours":20.74173393415258,"endHours":22.22746575097262,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:14","end":"23:43","startHours":22.22746575097262,"endHours":23.713197567792662,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:43","end":"01:12","startHours":23.713197567792662,"endHours":25.198929384612697,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:12","end":"02:41","startHours":25.198929384612697,"endHours":26.68466120143274,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:41","end":"04:10","startHours":26.68466120143274,"endHours":28.170393018252778,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:10","end":"05:39","startHours":28.170393018252778,"endHours":29.656124835072816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:39","end":"07:09","startHours":29.656124835072816,"endHours":31.141856651892855,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.141856651892856,"endHours":8.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.141856651892855,"endHours":9.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.141856651892855,"endHours":10.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.141856651892855,"endHours":11.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.141856651892855,"endHours":12.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.141856651892855,"endHours":13.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.141856651892855,"endHours":14.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.141856651892855,"endHours":15.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.141856651892855,"endHours":16.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.141856651892855,"endHours":17.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.141856651892855,"endHours":18.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.141856651892855,"endHours":19.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.141856651892855,"endHours":20.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.141856651892855,"endHours":21.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.141856651892855,"endHours":22.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.141856651892855,"endHours":23.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.141856651892855,"endHours":24.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.141856651892855,"endHours":25.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.141856651892855,"endHours":26.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.141856651892855,"endHours":27.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.141856651892855,"endHours":28.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.141856651892855,"endHours":29.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.141856651892855,"endHours":30.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.141856651892855,"endHours":31.141856651892855,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":0.963292643915253,"eotMinutes":-7.214963076761897,"ayanamsa":24.2193}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"ramanuja-jayanti","name":"Rāmānujācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"रामानुजाचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rāmānujācārya (Viśiṣṭādvaita)","significance":"Birth of Rāmānujācārya; Viśiṣṭādvaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka. Caitra Śukla 5.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Rāmānujācārya Jayantī is not live yet; Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"singapore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 23, 2026 CE · Singapore · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 23, 2026 CE for Singapore: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 19:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/singapore/2026-03-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/singapore/2026-03-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/singapore/2026-03-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/singapore/2026-03-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/singapore/2026-03-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-23T17:25:31.874Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-23T17:25:31.874Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-23T17:25:31.874Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}