{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:siliguri:2001-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/siliguri/2001-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452118.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863653.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.6599,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.4165,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":94.7566,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7566},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.4165,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.7498},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":296.0763},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452118.770833,"ahargana":1863653.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8749,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.17638799999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.80788800000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8669},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":231.658588,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":91.20358800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":69.31988799999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":60.971788000000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":47.92428799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":74.6812,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6812,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452118.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863653.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.6599,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.4165,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":94.7566,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7566},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":195.4165,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.7498},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":296.0763},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.867,"elongation":94.757},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.867,"opposition_distance":85.243}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"siliguri","name":"Siliguri, West Bengal","lat":26.7271,"lon":88.3953,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"siliguri","name":"Siliguri, West Bengal","lat":26.7271,"lon":88.3953,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"04:59","sunsetLocal":"18:27","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.465168508829855,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 27 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 32 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:43","moonsetLocal":"23:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"10:02","startHours":8.343527084065887,"endHours":10.02667314766962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:24","end":"15:05","startHours":13.392965274877085,"endHours":15.076111338480814,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"04:59","end":"06:40","startHours":4.977234956858424,"endHours":6.660381020462156,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:07","end":"08:34","startHours":8.119107608918723,"endHours":8.567946559213052,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:32","end":"05:54","startHours":5.538283644726334,"endHours":5.897354804961797,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:16","end":"12:10","startHours":11.260980260979023,"endHours":12.158658161567681,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:11","end":"04:05","startHours":3.1818791556811097,"endHours":4.079557056269767,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:51","end":"04:59","startHours":3.8551375811226025,"endHours":4.977234956858424,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:57","end":"14:51","startHours":13.954013962744995,"endHours":14.851691863333652,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:15","end":"18:39","startHours":18.24240346568828,"endHours":18.64240346568828,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:27","end":"19:00","startHours":18.44240346568828,"endHours":19.00345215355619,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:12","end":"19:57","startHours":18.19240346568828,"endHours":19.94240346568828,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:16","end":"00:10","startHours":23.260980260979025,"endHours":24.15865816156768,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:59","end":"06:40","startHours":4.977234956858424,"endHours":6.660381020462156,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:40","end":"08:21","startHours":6.660381020462156,"endHours":8.343527084065887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:21","end":"10:02","startHours":8.343527084065887,"endHours":10.02667314766962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:02","end":"11:43","startHours":10.02667314766962,"endHours":11.709819211273352,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:43","end":"13:24","startHours":11.709819211273352,"endHours":13.392965274877085,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:24","end":"15:05","startHours":13.392965274877085,"endHours":15.076111338480814,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:05","end":"16:46","startHours":15.076111338480814,"endHours":16.759257402084547,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:46","end":"18:27","startHours":16.759257402084547,"endHours":18.44240346568828,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:27","end":"19:46","startHours":18.44240346568828,"endHours":19.759257402084547,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:46","end":"21:05","startHours":19.759257402084547,"endHours":21.076111338480814,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:05","end":"22:24","startHours":21.076111338480814,"endHours":22.392965274877085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:24","end":"23:43","startHours":22.392965274877085,"endHours":23.709819211273352,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:43","end":"01:02","startHours":23.709819211273352,"endHours":25.02667314766962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:02","end":"02:21","startHours":25.02667314766962,"endHours":26.34352708406589,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:21","end":"03:40","startHours":26.34352708406589,"endHours":27.660381020462157,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:40","end":"04:59","startHours":27.660381020462157,"endHours":28.977234956858425,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":4.977234956858424,"endHours":5.977234956858424,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.977234956858424,"endHours":6.977234956858424,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.977234956858424,"endHours":7.977234956858424,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.977234956858424,"endHours":8.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.977234956858425,"endHours":9.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.977234956858425,"endHours":10.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.977234956858425,"endHours":11.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.977234956858425,"endHours":12.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.977234956858425,"endHours":13.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.977234956858425,"endHours":14.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.977234956858425,"endHours":15.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.977234956858425,"endHours":16.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.977234956858425,"endHours":17.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.977234956858425,"endHours":18.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.977234956858425,"endHours":19.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.977234956858425,"endHours":20.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.977234956858425,"endHours":21.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.977234956858425,"endHours":22.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.977234956858425,"endHours":23.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.977234956858425,"endHours":24.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.977234956858425,"endHours":25.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.977234956858425,"endHours":26.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.977234956858425,"endHours":27.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.977234956858425,"endHours":28.977234956858425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.001870307142717,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":23.8749}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"siliguri"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2001 CE · Siliguri, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2001 CE for Siliguri, West Bengal: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 04:59, sūryāsta 18:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/siliguri/2001-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/siliguri/2001-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/siliguri/2001-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/siliguri/2001-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/siliguri/2001-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T02:33:26.297Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T02:33:26.297Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T02:33:26.297Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}