{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:seattle:2018-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/seattle/2018-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2018-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2018 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458327.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1869862.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.2811,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.517,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":183.2358,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2358},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":283.517,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.517},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":23.7981},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2018,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458327.770833,"ahargana":1869862.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1124,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.83635900000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.868659,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1711},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":279.5528589999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":119.02515900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":199.569659,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":145.25845900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":249.552959,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":105.6985,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":285.6985,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458327.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1869862.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.2811,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.517,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":183.2358,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2358},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":283.517,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.517},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":23.7981},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.171,"elongation":176.764},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.171,"opposition_distance":3.236}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"seattle","name":"Seattle, USA","lat":47.6062,"lon":-122.3321,"tz_offset_hours":-8,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"seattle","name":"Seattle, USA","lat":47.6062,"lon":-122.3321,"tz_offset_hours":-8,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:41","sunsetLocal":"19:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":15.148315397271029,"dayLengthDisplay":"15 Hours 08 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"8 Hours 51 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:46","moonsetLocal":"05:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:28","end":"10:22","startHours":8.471233695288927,"endHours":10.364773119947806,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:09","end":"16:03","startHours":14.151851969265563,"endHours":16.04539139392444,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"04:41","end":"06:35","startHours":4.68415484597117,"endHours":6.577694270630048,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:13","end":"08:43","startHours":8.218761772001077,"endHours":8.723705618576776,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:19","end":"05:43","startHours":5.315334654190796,"endHours":5.719289731451356,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:45","end":"12:46","startHours":11.753368698030984,"endHours":12.763256391182386,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":2.6643794596683663,"endHours":3.674267152819768,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:25","end":"04:41","startHours":3.4217952295319174,"endHours":4.68415484597117,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:48","startHours":14.783031777485188,"endHours":15.79291947063659,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:38","end":"20:02","startHours":19.6324702432422,"endHours":20.032470243242198,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:50","end":"20:28","startHours":19.8324702432422,"endHours":20.463650051461826,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:35","end":"21:20","startHours":19.5824702432422,"endHours":21.3324702432422,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:45","end":"00:46","startHours":23.753368698030986,"endHours":24.763256391182384,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:41","end":"06:35","startHours":4.68415484597117,"endHours":6.577694270630048,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:35","end":"08:28","startHours":6.577694270630048,"endHours":8.471233695288927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:28","end":"10:22","startHours":8.471233695288927,"endHours":10.364773119947806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:22","end":"12:15","startHours":10.364773119947806,"endHours":12.258312544606685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:15","end":"14:09","startHours":12.258312544606685,"endHours":14.151851969265563,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:09","end":"16:03","startHours":14.151851969265563,"endHours":16.04539139392444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:03","end":"17:56","startHours":16.04539139392444,"endHours":17.93893081858332,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:50","startHours":17.93893081858332,"endHours":19.8324702432422,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:50","end":"20:56","startHours":19.8324702432422,"endHours":20.93893081858332,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:56","end":"22:03","startHours":20.93893081858332,"endHours":22.04539139392444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:03","end":"23:09","startHours":22.04539139392444,"endHours":23.151851969265564,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:09","end":"00:15","startHours":23.151851969265564,"endHours":24.258312544606685,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:15","end":"01:22","startHours":24.258312544606685,"endHours":25.364773119947806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:22","end":"02:28","startHours":25.364773119947806,"endHours":26.471233695288927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:28","end":"03:35","startHours":26.471233695288927,"endHours":27.577694270630047,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:35","end":"04:41","startHours":27.577694270630047,"endHours":28.68415484597117,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":4.68415484597117,"endHours":5.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":5.68415484597117,"endHours":6.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.68415484597117,"endHours":7.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.68415484597117,"endHours":8.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.68415484597117,"endHours":9.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.68415484597117,"endHours":10.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.68415484597117,"endHours":11.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.68415484597117,"endHours":12.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.68415484597117,"endHours":13.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.68415484597117,"endHours":14.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.68415484597117,"endHours":15.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.68415484597117,"endHours":16.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.68415484597117,"endHours":17.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.68415484597117,"endHours":18.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.68415484597117,"endHours":19.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.68415484597117,"endHours":20.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.68415484597117,"endHours":21.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.68415484597117,"endHours":22.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.68415484597117,"endHours":23.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.68415484597117,"endHours":24.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.68415484597117,"endHours":25.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.68415484597117,"endHours":26.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.68415484597117,"endHours":27.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.68415484597117,"endHours":28.68415484597117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.026610118076793,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.1124}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2075,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","saka_samvat":1940,"saka_samvatsara":"Vilambī","bengali_samvat":1425,"malayalam_era":1194,"nanakshahi_year":549,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2075 Virodhakṛt · Śaka 1940 Vilambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"seattle"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2018 CE · Seattle, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2018 CE for Seattle, USA: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 04:41, sūryāsta 19:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/seattle/2018-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/seattle/2018-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/seattle/2018-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/seattle/2018-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/seattle/2018-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:32:36.641Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:32:36.641Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:32:36.641Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}