{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2028-05-03:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2028-05-03","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-05-03","date_display":"May 3, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461894.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873429.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":18.8751,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":123.1226,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":104.2475,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2475},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":123.1226,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1226},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":141.9978},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461894.770833,"ahargana":1873429.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2488,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":18.891973000000007,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":121.25347299999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.0007},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":9.168972999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":38.38007299999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":143.32597299999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":53.96647300000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":8.297573,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":276.7017,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":96.7017,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461894.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873429.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":18.8751,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":123.1226,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":104.2475,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2475},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":123.1226,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1226},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":141.9978},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.001,"elongation":104.248},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.001,"opposition_distance":75.752}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:57","sunsetLocal":"18:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":12.564075132011318,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 33 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 26 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:50","moonsetLocal":"01:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:14","end":"13:48","startHours":12.237690192024647,"endHours":13.808199583526061,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:32","end":"09:06","startHours":7.526162017520402,"endHours":9.096671409021816,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:40","end":"12:14","startHours":10.667180800523232,"endHours":12.237690192024647,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:53","end":"09:18","startHours":8.887270156821629,"endHours":9.306072661222005,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:49","startHours":6.479155756519459,"endHours":6.814197760039761,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:39","startHours":11.81888768762427,"endHours":12.656492696425024,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:17","end":"05:07","startHours":4.280442608417479,"endHours":5.118047617218233,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:55","end":"05:57","startHours":4.908646365018044,"endHours":5.9556526260189875,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:10","startHours":14.331702714026534,"endHours":15.169307722827288,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:19","end":"18:43","startHours":18.319727758030307,"endHours":18.719727758030306,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:31","end":"19:03","startHours":18.519727758030307,"endHours":19.04323088853078,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:16","end":"20:01","startHours":18.269727758030307,"endHours":20.019727758030307,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:39","startHours":23.81888768762427,"endHours":24.656492696425026,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:57","end":"07:32","startHours":5.9556526260189875,"endHours":7.526162017520402,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:32","end":"09:06","startHours":7.526162017520402,"endHours":9.096671409021816,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:06","end":"10:40","startHours":9.096671409021816,"endHours":10.667180800523232,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:40","end":"12:14","startHours":10.667180800523232,"endHours":12.237690192024647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:14","end":"13:48","startHours":12.237690192024647,"endHours":13.808199583526061,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:48","end":"15:23","startHours":13.808199583526061,"endHours":15.378708975027475,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:23","end":"16:57","startHours":15.378708975027475,"endHours":16.949218366528893,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:57","end":"18:31","startHours":16.949218366528893,"endHours":18.519727758030307,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:31","end":"19:57","startHours":18.519727758030307,"endHours":19.949218366528893,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:57","end":"21:23","startHours":19.949218366528893,"endHours":21.37870897502748,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:23","end":"22:48","startHours":21.37870897502748,"endHours":22.80819958352606,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:48","end":"00:14","startHours":22.80819958352606,"endHours":24.237690192024647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:14","end":"01:40","startHours":24.237690192024647,"endHours":25.667180800523234,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:40","end":"03:06","startHours":25.667180800523234,"endHours":27.096671409021816,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:06","end":"04:32","startHours":27.096671409021816,"endHours":28.526162017520402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:32","end":"05:57","startHours":28.526162017520402,"endHours":29.95565262601899,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:57","end":"06:57","startHours":5.9556526260189875,"endHours":6.9556526260189875,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:57","end":"07:57","startHours":6.9556526260189875,"endHours":7.9556526260189875,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:57","end":"08:57","startHours":7.9556526260189875,"endHours":8.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:57","end":"09:57","startHours":8.955652626018988,"endHours":9.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:57","end":"10:57","startHours":9.955652626018988,"endHours":10.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:57","end":"11:57","startHours":10.955652626018988,"endHours":11.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:57","end":"12:57","startHours":11.955652626018988,"endHours":12.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:57","end":"13:57","startHours":12.955652626018988,"endHours":13.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:57","end":"14:57","startHours":13.955652626018988,"endHours":14.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:57","end":"15:57","startHours":14.955652626018988,"endHours":15.955652626018988,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:57","end":"16:57","startHours":15.955652626018988,"endHours":16.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:57","end":"17:57","startHours":16.95565262601899,"endHours":17.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:57","end":"18:57","startHours":17.95565262601899,"endHours":18.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:57","end":"19:57","startHours":18.95565262601899,"endHours":19.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:57","end":"20:57","startHours":19.95565262601899,"endHours":20.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:57","end":"21:57","startHours":20.95565262601899,"endHours":21.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:57","end":"22:57","startHours":21.95565262601899,"endHours":22.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:57","end":"23:57","startHours":22.95565262601899,"endHours":23.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:57","end":"00:57","startHours":23.95565262601899,"endHours":24.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:57","end":"01:57","startHours":24.95565262601899,"endHours":25.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:57","end":"02:57","startHours":25.95565262601899,"endHours":26.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:57","end":"03:57","startHours":26.95565262601899,"endHours":27.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:57","end":"04:57","startHours":27.95565262601899,"endHours":28.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:57","end":"05:57","startHours":28.95565262601899,"endHours":29.95565262601899,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":15.781333676719122,"eotMinutes":3.154588478521171,"ayanamsa":24.2488}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"sita-navami","name":"Sītā Navamī","name_sanskrit":"सीता नवमी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Sītā Devī (Lakṣmī as Bhū-suta)","significance":"Devī Sītā's manifestation in Mithilā; rāmāvatāra-kalatra.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":9,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Bāla-Kāṇḍa 66"]},{"id":"madhva-jayanti","name":"Madhvācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"मध्वाचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Madhvācārya (Dvaita)","significance":"Birth of Madhvācārya; Dvaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka. Vaiśākha Śukla 9.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":9,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Sītā Navamī · Madhvācārya Jayantī is not live yet; Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 3, 2028 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 3, 2028 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 05:57, sūryāsta 18:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2028-05-03","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2028-05-03","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2028-05-03","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2028-05-03","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2028-05-03"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-27T17:19:46.886Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-27T17:19:46.886Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-27T17:19:46.886Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}