{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2015-12-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2015-12-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-12-12","date_display":"December 12, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457368.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868903.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":235.1426,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9372,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.7946,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7946},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":241.9372,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.9372},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":117.0797},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457368.770833,"ahargana":1868903.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0757,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":235.59669899999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":242.88699900000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4856},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":172.92499900000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":248.740999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":147.279399,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":193.80189900000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":224.57299899999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":156.5109,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":336.5109,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457368.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868903.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":235.1426,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9372,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.7946,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7946},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":241.9372,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.9372},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":117.0797},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.486,"elongation":6.795},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.486,"opposition_distance":173.205}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:28","sunsetLocal":"17:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":11.452198761648452,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 27 Mins 08 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 32 Mins 52 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:59","moonsetLocal":"18:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:20","end":"10:46","startHours":9.334858825236001,"endHours":10.766383670442057,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:38","end":"15:04","startHours":13.62943336085417,"endHours":15.060958206060226,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:28","end":"07:54","startHours":6.4718091348238875,"endHours":7.903333980029944,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:09","end":"09:32","startHours":9.143988845875192,"endHours":9.525728804596808,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:15","startHours":6.948984083225906,"endHours":7.254376050203199,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:35","startHours":11.816168556926499,"endHours":12.57964847436973,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:57","end":"05:42","startHours":4.944849299937427,"endHours":5.7083292173806575,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:31","end":"06:28","startHours":5.51745923801985,"endHours":6.4718091348238875,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:06","end":"14:52","startHours":14.106608309256188,"endHours":14.87008822669942,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:43","end":"18:07","startHours":17.72400789647234,"endHours":18.12400789647234,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:55","end":"18:24","startHours":17.92400789647234,"endHours":18.40118284487436,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:40","end":"19:25","startHours":17.67400789647234,"endHours":19.42400789647234,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:35","startHours":23.816168556926502,"endHours":24.57964847436973,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:28","end":"07:54","startHours":6.4718091348238875,"endHours":7.903333980029944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:54","end":"09:20","startHours":7.903333980029944,"endHours":9.334858825236001,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:20","end":"10:46","startHours":9.334858825236001,"endHours":10.766383670442057,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:46","end":"12:12","startHours":10.766383670442057,"endHours":12.197908515648113,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:12","end":"13:38","startHours":12.197908515648113,"endHours":13.62943336085417,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:38","end":"15:04","startHours":13.62943336085417,"endHours":15.060958206060226,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:04","end":"16:30","startHours":15.060958206060226,"endHours":16.492483051266284,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:30","end":"17:55","startHours":16.492483051266284,"endHours":17.92400789647234,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:55","end":"19:30","startHours":17.92400789647234,"endHours":19.492483051266284,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:30","end":"21:04","startHours":19.492483051266284,"endHours":21.060958206060228,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:04","end":"22:38","startHours":21.060958206060228,"endHours":22.629433360854172,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:38","end":"00:12","startHours":22.629433360854172,"endHours":24.197908515648113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:12","end":"01:46","startHours":24.197908515648113,"endHours":25.766383670442057,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:46","end":"03:20","startHours":25.766383670442057,"endHours":27.334858825236,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:20","end":"04:54","startHours":27.334858825236,"endHours":28.90333398002994,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:54","end":"06:28","startHours":28.90333398002994,"endHours":30.471809134823886,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.4718091348238875,"endHours":7.4718091348238875,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.4718091348238875,"endHours":8.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.471809134823888,"endHours":9.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.471809134823888,"endHours":10.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.471809134823888,"endHours":11.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.471809134823888,"endHours":12.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.471809134823888,"endHours":13.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.471809134823888,"endHours":14.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.471809134823888,"endHours":15.471809134823888,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.471809134823888,"endHours":16.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.471809134823886,"endHours":17.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.471809134823886,"endHours":18.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.471809134823886,"endHours":19.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.471809134823886,"endHours":20.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.471809134823886,"endHours":21.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.471809134823886,"endHours":22.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.471809134823886,"endHours":23.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.471809134823886,"endHours":24.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.471809134823886,"endHours":25.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.471809134823886,"endHours":26.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.471809134823886,"endHours":27.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.471809134823886,"endHours":28.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.471809134823886,"endHours":29.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":29.471809134823886,"endHours":30.471809134823886,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.034710736810734,"eotMinutes":5.541489061113115,"ayanamsa":24.0757}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 12, 2015 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 12, 2015 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:28, sūryāsta 17:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2015-12-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2015-12-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2015-12-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2015-12-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2015-12-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T11:56:02.227Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T11:56:02.227Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T11:56:02.227Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}