{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2012-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456170.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867705.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.3012,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.3663,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":175.0652,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0652},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":308.3663,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6997},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":81.6675},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456170.770833,"ahargana":1867705.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0299,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.01557200000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":307.34977200000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4982},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":190.58007199999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":123.77997200000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":50.141772,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":88.75267199999996,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":181.85977200000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":219.9867,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":39.9867,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456170.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867705.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.3012,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.3663,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":175.0652,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0652},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":308.3663,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6997},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":81.6675},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.498,"elongation":175.065},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.498,"opposition_distance":4.935}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:07","sunsetLocal":"18:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":12.35195445189823,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 07 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 53 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:57","moonsetLocal":"05:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:45","end":"12:17","startHours":10.743845868122932,"endHours":12.28784017461021,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:23","end":"16:55","startHours":15.375828787584767,"endHours":16.919823094072047,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:39","end":"09:12","startHours":7.655857255148374,"endHours":9.199851561635652,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:00","end":"09:24","startHours":8.993985654104016,"endHours":9.40571746916729,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:57","startHours":6.6265277174901875,"endHours":6.955913169540807,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:42","startHours":11.876108359546935,"endHours":12.699571989673485,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:28","end":"05:17","startHours":4.464935688407998,"endHours":5.288399318534546,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:07","startHours":5.082533411002909,"endHours":6.111862948661095,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:10","startHours":14.346499249926582,"endHours":15.16996288005313,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:16","end":"18:40","startHours":18.263817400559326,"endHours":18.663817400559324,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:28","end":"18:59","startHours":18.463817400559325,"endHours":18.978482169388418,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:13","end":"19:58","startHours":18.213817400559325,"endHours":19.963817400559325,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:42","startHours":23.876108359546937,"endHours":24.699571989673483,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:07","end":"07:39","startHours":6.111862948661095,"endHours":7.655857255148374,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:39","end":"09:12","startHours":7.655857255148374,"endHours":9.199851561635652,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:12","end":"10:45","startHours":9.199851561635652,"endHours":10.743845868122932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:45","end":"12:17","startHours":10.743845868122932,"endHours":12.28784017461021,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:17","end":"13:50","startHours":12.28784017461021,"endHours":13.831834481097488,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:50","end":"15:23","startHours":13.831834481097488,"endHours":15.375828787584767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:23","end":"16:55","startHours":15.375828787584767,"endHours":16.919823094072047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:55","end":"18:28","startHours":16.919823094072047,"endHours":18.463817400559325,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:28","end":"19:55","startHours":18.463817400559325,"endHours":19.919823094072047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:55","end":"21:23","startHours":19.919823094072047,"endHours":21.375828787584766,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:23","end":"22:50","startHours":21.375828787584766,"endHours":22.831834481097488,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:50","end":"00:17","startHours":22.831834481097488,"endHours":24.28784017461021,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:17","end":"01:45","startHours":24.28784017461021,"endHours":25.743845868122932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:45","end":"03:12","startHours":25.743845868122932,"endHours":27.199851561635654,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:12","end":"04:39","startHours":27.199851561635654,"endHours":28.655857255148373,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:39","end":"06:07","startHours":28.655857255148373,"endHours":30.111862948661095,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.111862948661095,"endHours":7.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.111862948661095,"endHours":8.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.111862948661095,"endHours":9.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.111862948661095,"endHours":10.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.111862948661095,"endHours":11.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.111862948661095,"endHours":12.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.111862948661095,"endHours":13.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.111862948661095,"endHours":14.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.111862948661095,"endHours":15.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.111862948661095,"endHours":16.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.111862948661095,"endHours":17.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.111862948661095,"endHours":18.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.111862948661095,"endHours":19.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.111862948661095,"endHours":20.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.111862948661095,"endHours":21.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.111862948661095,"endHours":22.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.111862948661095,"endHours":23.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.111862948661095,"endHours":24.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.111862948661095,"endHours":25.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.111862948661095,"endHours":26.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.111862948661095,"endHours":27.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.111862948661095,"endHours":28.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.111862948661095,"endHours":29.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.111862948661095,"endHours":30.111862948661095,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.55162529891817,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":24.0299}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada (Adhika) Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":true,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada (Adhika) Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 2012 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 2012 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:07, sūryāsta 18:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:35:56.903Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:35:56.903Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T00:35:56.903Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}