{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2012-02-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-02-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-02-01","date_display":"February 1, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455958.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867493.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.5291,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":27.4754,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":99.9463,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9463},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":27.4754,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8087},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.0044},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455958.770833,"ahargana":1867493.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0218,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.54497200000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.897471999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.8104},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.44827199999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":282.96147199999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":8.454771999999991,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":327.257072,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":185.189572,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.2195,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.2195,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455958.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867493.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.5291,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":27.4754,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":99.9463,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9463},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":27.4754,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8087},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.0044},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.81,"elongation":99.946},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.81,"opposition_distance":80.054}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:42","sunsetLocal":"18:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":11.627063940470286,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 37 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 22 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:51","moonsetLocal":"01:26","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"13:58","startHours":12.51842246862326,"endHours":13.971805461182047,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:09","end":"09:37","startHours":8.158273490946904,"endHours":9.61165648350569,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:04","end":"12:31","startHours":11.065039476064475,"endHours":12.51842246862326,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:48","startHours":9.417872084497851,"endHours":9.805440882513528,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:11","end":"07:30","startHours":7.189351495907713,"endHours":7.499406534320254,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:54","startHours":12.130853670607584,"endHours":12.905991266638937,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:09","end":"05:56","startHours":5.154615306325413,"endHours":5.929752902356766,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:44","end":"06:42","startHours":5.735968503348928,"endHours":6.704890498388118,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:14","startHours":14.456266458701641,"endHours":15.231404054732995,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:08","end":"18:32","startHours":18.131954438858404,"endHours":18.531954438858403,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:20","end":"18:49","startHours":18.331954438858403,"endHours":18.816415436377998,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:05","end":"19:50","startHours":18.081954438858403,"endHours":19.831954438858403,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:54","startHours":24.130853670607586,"endHours":24.905991266638935,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:42","end":"08:09","startHours":6.704890498388118,"endHours":8.158273490946904,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:09","end":"09:37","startHours":8.158273490946904,"endHours":9.61165648350569,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:37","end":"11:04","startHours":9.61165648350569,"endHours":11.065039476064475,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:04","end":"12:31","startHours":11.065039476064475,"endHours":12.51842246862326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:31","end":"13:58","startHours":12.51842246862326,"endHours":13.971805461182047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:58","end":"15:26","startHours":13.971805461182047,"endHours":15.425188453740834,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.425188453740834,"endHours":16.878571446299617,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:53","end":"18:20","startHours":16.878571446299617,"endHours":18.331954438858403,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:20","end":"19:53","startHours":18.331954438858403,"endHours":19.878571446299617,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:53","end":"21:26","startHours":19.878571446299617,"endHours":21.42518845374083,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:26","end":"22:58","startHours":21.42518845374083,"endHours":22.971805461182047,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:58","end":"00:31","startHours":22.971805461182047,"endHours":24.51842246862326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:31","end":"02:04","startHours":24.51842246862326,"endHours":26.065039476064474,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:04","end":"03:37","startHours":26.065039476064474,"endHours":27.61165648350569,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:37","end":"05:09","startHours":27.61165648350569,"endHours":29.158273490946904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:09","end":"06:42","startHours":29.158273490946904,"endHours":30.704890498388117,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.704890498388118,"endHours":7.704890498388118,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.704890498388118,"endHours":8.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.704890498388117,"endHours":9.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.704890498388117,"endHours":10.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.704890498388117,"endHours":11.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.704890498388117,"endHours":12.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.704890498388117,"endHours":13.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.704890498388117,"endHours":14.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.704890498388117,"endHours":15.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.704890498388117,"endHours":16.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.704890498388117,"endHours":17.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.704890498388117,"endHours":18.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.704890498388117,"endHours":19.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.704890498388117,"endHours":20.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.704890498388117,"endHours":21.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.704890498388117,"endHours":22.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.704890498388117,"endHours":23.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.704890498388117,"endHours":24.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.704890498388117,"endHours":25.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.704890498388117,"endHours":26.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.704890498388117,"endHours":27.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.704890498388117,"endHours":28.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.704890498388117,"endHours":29.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":29.704890498388117,"endHours":30.704890498388117,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-17.312110073250636,"eotMinutes":-13.689348117395623,"ayanamsa":24.0218}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 1, 2012 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 1, 2012 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:42, sūryāsta 18:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-02-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-02-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-02-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-02-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-02-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-09T13:33:07.806Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-09T13:33:07.806Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-09T13:33:07.806Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}