{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2012-01-15:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-01-15","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-01-15","date_display":"January 15, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455941.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867476.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.1074,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.5031,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":252.3957,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.3957},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":162.5031,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5031},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":72.6105},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455941.770833,"ahargana":1867476.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0212,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.252921,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.737121,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2177},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.376121,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":255.84362099999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":6.875021000000004,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":306.7878209999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":184.737621,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":232.1202,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":52.1202,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455941.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867476.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.1074,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.5031,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":252.3957,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.3957},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":162.5031,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5031},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":72.6105},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.218,"elongation":107.604},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.218,"opposition_distance":72.396}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:42","sunsetLocal":"18:12","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":11.507793747784307,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 30 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 29 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:17","moonsetLocal":"11:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:46","end":"18:12","startHours":16.761521812854667,"endHours":18.199996031327707,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:27","end":"13:53","startHours":12.446099157435555,"endHours":13.884573375908591,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:19","end":"16:46","startHours":15.32304759438163,"endHours":16.761521812854667,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:23","end":"09:46","startHours":9.377354158026405,"endHours":9.760947282952548,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:10","end":"07:29","startHours":7.17169368970108,"endHours":7.478568189641995,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:50","startHours":12.062506032509411,"endHours":12.829692282361698,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:09","end":"05:56","startHours":5.157829783838826,"endHours":5.925016033691113,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:44","end":"06:42","startHours":5.7332194712280415,"endHours":6.6922022835434,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:08","startHours":14.364064782066272,"endHours":15.13125103191856,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:00","end":"18:24","startHours":17.999996031327708,"endHours":18.399996031327706,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:12","end":"18:41","startHours":18.199996031327707,"endHours":18.67948743748539,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:57","end":"19:42","startHours":17.949996031327707,"endHours":19.699996031327707,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:50","startHours":24.06250603250941,"endHours":24.829692282361698,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:42","end":"08:08","startHours":6.6922022835434,"endHours":8.130676502016438,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:08","end":"09:34","startHours":8.130676502016438,"endHours":9.569150720489477,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:34","end":"11:00","startHours":9.569150720489477,"endHours":11.007624938962515,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:00","end":"12:27","startHours":11.007624938962515,"endHours":12.446099157435555,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:27","end":"13:53","startHours":12.446099157435555,"endHours":13.884573375908591,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:53","end":"15:19","startHours":13.884573375908591,"endHours":15.32304759438163,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:19","end":"16:46","startHours":15.32304759438163,"endHours":16.761521812854667,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:46","end":"18:12","startHours":16.761521812854667,"endHours":18.199996031327707,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:12","end":"19:46","startHours":18.199996031327707,"endHours":19.761521812854667,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:46","end":"21:19","startHours":19.761521812854667,"endHours":21.32304759438163,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:19","end":"22:53","startHours":21.32304759438163,"endHours":22.88457337590859,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:53","end":"00:27","startHours":22.88457337590859,"endHours":24.446099157435555,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:27","end":"02:00","startHours":24.446099157435555,"endHours":26.007624938962515,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:00","end":"03:34","startHours":26.007624938962515,"endHours":27.569150720489475,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:34","end":"05:08","startHours":27.569150720489475,"endHours":29.13067650201644,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:08","end":"06:42","startHours":29.13067650201644,"endHours":30.692202283543402,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.6922022835434,"endHours":7.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.6922022835434,"endHours":8.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.6922022835434,"endHours":9.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.6922022835434,"endHours":10.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.6922022835434,"endHours":11.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.6922022835434,"endHours":12.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.6922022835434,"endHours":13.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.6922022835434,"endHours":14.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.6922022835434,"endHours":15.6922022835434,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.6922022835434,"endHours":16.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.692202283543402,"endHours":17.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.692202283543402,"endHours":18.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.692202283543402,"endHours":19.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.692202283543402,"endHours":20.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.692202283543402,"endHours":21.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.692202283543402,"endHours":22.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.692202283543402,"endHours":23.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.692202283543402,"endHours":24.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.692202283543402,"endHours":25.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.692202283543402,"endHours":26.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.692202283543402,"endHours":27.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.692202283543402,"endHours":28.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.692202283543402,"endHours":29.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":29.692202283543402,"endHours":30.692202283543402,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.25802400025033,"eotMinutes":-9.349949446133257,"ayanamsa":24.0212}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 15, 2012 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 15, 2012 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:42, sūryāsta 18:12.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-01-15","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-01-15","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-01-15","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-01-15","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2012-01-15"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:26:48.610Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T03:26:48.610Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T03:26:48.610Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}