{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2004-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2004-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2004-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 2004 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453005.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864540.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7905,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.3801,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":105.5896,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5896},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.3801,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3801},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.1706},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2004,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453005.770833,"ahargana":1864540.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9089,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.03909799999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.09629799999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9924},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":345.181898,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":244.71769799999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":145.028998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":289.309898,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":75.71759800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":27.6837,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":207.6837,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453005.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864540.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7905,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.3801,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":105.5896,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5896},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.3801,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3801},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.1706},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.992,"elongation":105.59},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.992,"opposition_distance":74.41}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"18:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":11.451283975347607,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 27 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 32 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:22","moonsetLocal":"01:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:47","end":"15:13","startHours":13.78343013564172,"endHours":15.214840632560168,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:38","end":"08:03","startHours":6.626377651049464,"endHours":8.057788147967916,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:29","end":"10:55","startHours":9.489198644886365,"endHours":10.920609141804817,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:41","startHours":9.298343911963904,"endHours":9.680053377808825,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:25","startHours":7.103514483355614,"endHours":7.40888205603155,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:44","startHours":11.970310172878346,"endHours":12.733729104568187,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:06","end":"05:52","startHours":5.099539787669783,"endHours":5.862958719359623,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:40","end":"06:38","startHours":5.672103986437163,"endHours":6.626377651049464,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"15:01","startHours":14.260566967947868,"endHours":15.023985899637708,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:53","end":"18:17","startHours":17.87766162639707,"endHours":18.27766162639707,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:05","end":"18:33","startHours":18.07766162639707,"endHours":18.55479845870322,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:50","end":"19:35","startHours":17.82766162639707,"endHours":19.57766162639707,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:44","startHours":23.970310172878346,"endHours":24.733729104568187,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:38","end":"08:03","startHours":6.626377651049464,"endHours":8.057788147967916,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:03","end":"09:29","startHours":8.057788147967916,"endHours":9.489198644886365,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:29","end":"10:55","startHours":9.489198644886365,"endHours":10.920609141804817,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:55","end":"12:21","startHours":10.920609141804817,"endHours":12.352019638723267,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:21","end":"13:47","startHours":12.352019638723267,"endHours":13.78343013564172,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:47","end":"15:13","startHours":13.78343013564172,"endHours":15.214840632560168,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:13","end":"16:39","startHours":15.214840632560168,"endHours":16.64625112947862,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:39","end":"18:05","startHours":16.64625112947862,"endHours":18.07766162639707,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:05","end":"19:39","startHours":18.07766162639707,"endHours":19.64625112947862,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:39","end":"21:13","startHours":19.64625112947862,"endHours":21.21484063256017,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:13","end":"22:47","startHours":21.21484063256017,"endHours":22.783430135641716,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:47","end":"00:21","startHours":22.783430135641716,"endHours":24.352019638723267,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:21","end":"01:55","startHours":24.352019638723267,"endHours":25.920609141804817,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:55","end":"03:29","startHours":25.920609141804817,"endHours":27.489198644886365,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:29","end":"05:03","startHours":27.489198644886365,"endHours":29.057788147967912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:03","end":"06:38","startHours":29.057788147967912,"endHours":30.626377651049463,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.626377651049464,"endHours":7.626377651049464,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.626377651049464,"endHours":8.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.626377651049463,"endHours":9.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.626377651049463,"endHours":10.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.626377651049463,"endHours":11.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.626377651049463,"endHours":12.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.626377651049463,"endHours":13.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.626377651049463,"endHours":14.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.626377651049463,"endHours":15.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.626377651049463,"endHours":16.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.626377651049463,"endHours":17.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.626377651049463,"endHours":18.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.626377651049463,"endHours":19.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.626377651049463,"endHours":20.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.626377651049463,"endHours":21.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.626377651049463,"endHours":22.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.626377651049463,"endHours":23.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.626377651049463,"endHours":24.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.626377651049463,"endHours":25.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.626377651049463,"endHours":26.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.626377651049463,"endHours":27.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.626377651049463,"endHours":28.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.626377651049463,"endHours":29.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.626377651049463,"endHours":30.626377651049463,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.06359123944469,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.9089}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2061,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1926,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1411,"malayalam_era":1180,"nanakshahi_year":535,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2061 Hemalambī · Śaka 1926 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 2004 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 2004 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 18:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2004-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2004-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2004-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2004-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2004-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:39:31.524Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:39:31.524Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T03:39:31.524Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}