{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2002-05-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2002-05-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-05-13","date_display":"May 13, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452407.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1863942.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.2325,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":35.2507,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":7.0182,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0182},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":35.2507,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.584},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":63.4832},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452407.770833,"ahargana":1863942.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.886,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.242046000000016,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":35.064445999999975,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.8372},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":55.881845999999996,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":45.97644600000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.98784599999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":57.07004599999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":50.994245999999976,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":59.3686,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":239.3686,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452407.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1863942.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.2325,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":35.2507,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":7.0182,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0182},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":35.2507,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.584},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":63.4832},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.837,"elongation":7.018},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.837,"opposition_distance":172.982}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:54","sunsetLocal":"18:33","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":12.641718156315083,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 38 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 21 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:21","moonsetLocal":"19:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:29","end":"09:04","startHours":7.487065045655903,"endHours":9.067279815195288,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:39","end":"12:14","startHours":10.647494584734673,"endHours":12.227709354274058,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:48","end":"15:23","startHours":13.807924123813443,"endHours":15.388138893352831,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:17","startHours":8.856584512590036,"endHours":9.27797511780054,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:26","end":"06:46","startHours":6.433588532629646,"endHours":6.770701016798048,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:39","startHours":11.806318749063557,"endHours":12.649099959484563,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:13","end":"05:04","startHours":4.221287855274507,"endHours":5.064069065695512,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:51","end":"05:54","startHours":4.853373763090261,"endHours":5.906850276116518,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:11","startHours":14.334662380326574,"endHours":15.177443590747579,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:21","end":"18:45","startHours":18.348568432431602,"endHours":18.7485684324316,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:33","end":"19:05","startHours":18.5485684324316,"endHours":19.07530668894473,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:18","end":"20:03","startHours":18.2985684324316,"endHours":20.0485684324316,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:39","startHours":23.806318749063557,"endHours":24.649099959484566,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:54","end":"07:29","startHours":5.906850276116518,"endHours":7.487065045655903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:29","end":"09:04","startHours":7.487065045655903,"endHours":9.067279815195288,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:04","end":"10:39","startHours":9.067279815195288,"endHours":10.647494584734673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:39","end":"12:14","startHours":10.647494584734673,"endHours":12.227709354274058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:14","end":"13:48","startHours":12.227709354274058,"endHours":13.807924123813443,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:48","end":"15:23","startHours":13.807924123813443,"endHours":15.388138893352831,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:23","end":"16:58","startHours":15.388138893352831,"endHours":16.968353662892216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:58","end":"18:33","startHours":16.968353662892216,"endHours":18.5485684324316,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:33","end":"19:58","startHours":18.5485684324316,"endHours":19.968353662892216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:58","end":"21:23","startHours":19.968353662892216,"endHours":21.38813889335283,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:23","end":"22:48","startHours":21.38813889335283,"endHours":22.807924123813443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:48","end":"00:14","startHours":22.807924123813443,"endHours":24.22770935427406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:14","end":"01:39","startHours":24.22770935427406,"endHours":25.647494584734673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:39","end":"03:04","startHours":25.647494584734673,"endHours":27.06727981519529,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:04","end":"04:29","startHours":27.06727981519529,"endHours":28.487065045655903,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:29","end":"05:54","startHours":28.487065045655903,"endHours":29.90685027611652,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:54","end":"06:54","startHours":5.906850276116518,"endHours":6.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:54","end":"07:54","startHours":6.906850276116518,"endHours":7.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:54","end":"08:54","startHours":7.906850276116518,"endHours":8.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:54","end":"09:54","startHours":8.906850276116518,"endHours":9.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:54","end":"10:54","startHours":9.906850276116518,"endHours":10.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:54","end":"11:54","startHours":10.906850276116518,"endHours":11.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:54","end":"12:54","startHours":11.906850276116518,"endHours":12.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:54","end":"13:54","startHours":12.906850276116518,"endHours":13.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:54","end":"14:54","startHours":13.906850276116518,"endHours":14.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:54","end":"15:54","startHours":14.906850276116518,"endHours":15.906850276116518,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:54","end":"16:54","startHours":15.906850276116518,"endHours":16.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:54","end":"17:54","startHours":16.90685027611652,"endHours":17.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:54","end":"18:54","startHours":17.90685027611652,"endHours":18.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:54","end":"19:54","startHours":18.90685027611652,"endHours":19.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:54","end":"20:54","startHours":19.90685027611652,"endHours":20.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:54","end":"21:54","startHours":20.90685027611652,"endHours":21.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:54","end":"22:54","startHours":21.90685027611652,"endHours":22.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:54","end":"23:54","startHours":22.90685027611652,"endHours":23.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:54","end":"00:54","startHours":23.90685027611652,"endHours":24.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:54","end":"01:54","startHours":24.90685027611652,"endHours":25.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:54","end":"02:54","startHours":25.90685027611652,"endHours":26.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:54","end":"03:54","startHours":26.90685027611652,"endHours":27.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:54","end":"04:54","startHours":27.90685027611652,"endHours":28.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:54","end":"05:54","startHours":28.90685027611652,"endHours":29.90685027611652,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.29827741293063,"eotMinutes":3.7534387435564067,"ayanamsa":23.886}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 13, 2002 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 13, 2002 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:54, sūryāsta 18:33.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2002-05-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2002-05-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2002-05-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2002-05-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2002-05-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T19:29:40.519Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T19:29:40.519Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T19:29:40.519Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}