{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:2001-01-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2001-01-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-08","date_display":"January 8, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451917.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863452.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.7848,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.9997,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.2149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2149},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":58.9997,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6664},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.7846},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451917.770833,"ahargana":1863452.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8673,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.957768,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.55536799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9944},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":195.137068,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":272.00016800000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.80116800000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":310.76496799999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.36536799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.3311,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.3311,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451917.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863452.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.7848,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.9997,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.2149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2149},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":58.9997,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6664},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.7846},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.994,"elongation":155.215},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.994,"opposition_distance":24.785}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":2,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:40","sunsetLocal":"18:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":11.476933335208503,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 28 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 31 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:20","moonsetLocal":"05:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:06","end":"09:32","startHours":8.098112559852266,"endHours":9.532729226753329,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:58","end":"12:24","startHours":10.967345893654393,"endHours":12.401962560555454,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:50","end":"15:16","startHours":13.836579227456518,"endHours":15.271195894357582,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:20","end":"09:43","startHours":9.341447004499853,"endHours":9.724011449006804,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:09","end":"07:27","startHours":7.14170144858489,"endHours":7.44775300419045,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:47","startHours":12.019398116048505,"endHours":12.784527005062406,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:08","end":"05:54","startHours":5.133238114923403,"endHours":5.898367003937302,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:42","end":"06:40","startHours":5.707084781683828,"endHours":6.663495892951203,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:05","startHours":14.314784783090204,"endHours":15.079913672104103,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:56","end":"18:20","startHours":17.940429228159708,"endHours":18.340429228159707,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:08","end":"18:37","startHours":18.140429228159707,"endHours":18.618634783793397,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:53","end":"19:38","startHours":17.890429228159707,"endHours":19.640429228159707,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:47","startHours":24.019398116048503,"endHours":24.784527005062404,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:40","end":"08:06","startHours":6.663495892951203,"endHours":8.098112559852266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:06","end":"09:32","startHours":8.098112559852266,"endHours":9.532729226753329,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:32","end":"10:58","startHours":9.532729226753329,"endHours":10.967345893654393,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:58","end":"12:24","startHours":10.967345893654393,"endHours":12.401962560555454,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:24","end":"13:50","startHours":12.401962560555454,"endHours":13.836579227456518,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:50","end":"15:16","startHours":13.836579227456518,"endHours":15.271195894357582,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:16","end":"16:42","startHours":15.271195894357582,"endHours":16.705812561258643,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:42","end":"18:08","startHours":16.705812561258643,"endHours":18.140429228159707,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:08","end":"19:42","startHours":18.140429228159707,"endHours":19.705812561258643,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:42","end":"21:16","startHours":19.705812561258643,"endHours":21.271195894357582,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:16","end":"22:50","startHours":21.271195894357582,"endHours":22.836579227456518,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:50","end":"00:24","startHours":22.836579227456518,"endHours":24.401962560555454,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:24","end":"01:58","startHours":24.401962560555454,"endHours":25.967345893654393,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:58","end":"03:32","startHours":25.967345893654393,"endHours":27.53272922675333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:32","end":"05:06","startHours":27.53272922675333,"endHours":29.098112559852268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:06","end":"06:40","startHours":29.098112559852268,"endHours":30.663495892951204,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.663495892951203,"endHours":7.663495892951203,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.663495892951203,"endHours":8.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.663495892951204,"endHours":9.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.663495892951204,"endHours":10.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.663495892951204,"endHours":11.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.663495892951204,"endHours":12.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.663495892951204,"endHours":13.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.663495892951204,"endHours":14.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.663495892951204,"endHours":15.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.663495892951204,"endHours":16.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.663495892951204,"endHours":17.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.663495892951204,"endHours":18.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.663495892951204,"endHours":19.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.663495892951204,"endHours":20.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.663495892951204,"endHours":21.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.663495892951204,"endHours":22.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.663495892951204,"endHours":23.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.663495892951204,"endHours":24.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.663495892951204,"endHours":25.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.663495892951204,"endHours":26.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.663495892951204,"endHours":27.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.663495892951204,"endHours":28.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.663495892951204,"endHours":29.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":29.663495892951204,"endHours":30.663495892951204,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.249437740108537,"eotMinutes":-6.7017536333273355,"ayanamsa":23.8673}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 8, 2001 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 8, 2001 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:40, sūryāsta 18:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2001-01-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2001-01-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2001-01-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2001-01-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/2001-01-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:16:40.802Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:16:40.802Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T08:16:40.802Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}