{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:salem:1981-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/1981-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444725.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856260.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.1009,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":335.0246,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":317.9237,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9237},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":335.0246,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6913},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":352.1255},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444725.770833,"ahargana":1856260.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5922,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.997554999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":332.8309549999999,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3754},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":10.949254999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":21.101954999999975,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":158.05405499999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":23.409355000000005,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":160.17725499999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":106.3979,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":286.3979,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444725.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856260.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.1009,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":335.0246,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":317.9237,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9237},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":335.0246,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6913},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":352.1255},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.375,"elongation":42.076},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.375,"opposition_distance":137.924}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"salem","name":"Salem, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.6643,"lon":78.146,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":12.54036553060362,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 32 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 27 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:17","moonsetLocal":"15:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:40","end":"12:14","startHours":10.674087519858434,"endHours":12.241633211183887,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:23","end":"16:57","startHours":15.37672459383479,"endHours":16.944270285160243,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:32","end":"09:06","startHours":7.53899613720753,"endHours":9.106541828532983,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:54","end":"09:19","startHours":8.897535736356255,"endHours":9.315547920709708,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:30","end":"06:50","startHours":6.493965676323894,"endHours":6.828375423806657,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:40","startHours":11.823621026830432,"endHours":12.659645395537341,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:18","end":"05:08","startHours":4.299401708468261,"endHours":5.135426077175169,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:56","end":"05:58","startHours":4.926419984998442,"endHours":5.971450445882077,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:10","startHours":14.331694132951156,"endHours":15.167718501658065,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:19","end":"18:43","startHours":18.311815976485697,"endHours":18.711815976485696,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:31","end":"19:02","startHours":18.511815976485696,"endHours":19.034331206927515,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:16","end":"20:01","startHours":18.261815976485696,"endHours":20.011815976485696,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:40","startHours":23.823621026830434,"endHours":24.659645395537343,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:58","end":"07:32","startHours":5.971450445882077,"endHours":7.53899613720753,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:32","end":"09:06","startHours":7.53899613720753,"endHours":9.106541828532983,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:06","end":"10:40","startHours":9.106541828532983,"endHours":10.674087519858434,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:40","end":"12:14","startHours":10.674087519858434,"endHours":12.241633211183887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:14","end":"13:49","startHours":12.241633211183887,"endHours":13.80917890250934,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:49","end":"15:23","startHours":13.80917890250934,"endHours":15.37672459383479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:23","end":"16:57","startHours":15.37672459383479,"endHours":16.944270285160243,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:57","end":"18:31","startHours":16.944270285160243,"endHours":18.511815976485696,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:31","end":"19:57","startHours":18.511815976485696,"endHours":19.944270285160243,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:57","end":"21:23","startHours":19.944270285160243,"endHours":21.37672459383479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:23","end":"22:49","startHours":21.37672459383479,"endHours":22.809178902509338,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:49","end":"00:14","startHours":22.809178902509338,"endHours":24.24163321118389,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:14","end":"01:40","startHours":24.24163321118389,"endHours":25.674087519858432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:40","end":"03:06","startHours":25.674087519858432,"endHours":27.106541828532983,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:06","end":"04:32","startHours":27.106541828532983,"endHours":28.53899613720753,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:32","end":"05:58","startHours":28.53899613720753,"endHours":29.971450445882077,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.971450445882077,"endHours":6.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.971450445882077,"endHours":7.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.971450445882077,"endHours":8.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.971450445882077,"endHours":9.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.971450445882077,"endHours":10.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.971450445882077,"endHours":11.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.971450445882077,"endHours":12.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.971450445882077,"endHours":13.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.971450445882077,"endHours":14.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.971450445882077,"endHours":15.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.971450445882077,"endHours":16.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.971450445882077,"endHours":17.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.971450445882077,"endHours":18.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.971450445882077,"endHours":19.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.971450445882077,"endHours":20.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.971450445882077,"endHours":21.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.971450445882077,"endHours":22.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.971450445882077,"endHours":23.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.971450445882077,"endHours":24.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.971450445882077,"endHours":25.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.971450445882077,"endHours":26.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.971450445882077,"endHours":27.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.971450445882077,"endHours":28.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.971450445882077,"endHours":29.971450445882077,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.997685696034692,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":23.5922}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"salem"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 1981 CE · Salem, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 1981 CE for Salem, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/1981-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/1981-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/1981-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/1981-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/salem/1981-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T01:52:06.151Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T01:52:06.151Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T01:52:06.151Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}