{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2103-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2103-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2103-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2103 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2103,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2489191.770833,"kali_year":5204,"ahargana":1900726.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.8543,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":157.4138,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.5595,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5595},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":157.4138,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7472},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":79.2682},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2103,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2489191.770833,"ahargana":1900726.2708,"kali_year":5204,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.2928,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":282.121027,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":153.675927,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1428},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":261.749227,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":261.38412700000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":256.81482700000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":309.588127,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":214.097627,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":270.3752,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":90.3752,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2103,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2489191.770833,"kali_year":5204,"ahargana":1900726.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.8543,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":157.4138,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.5595,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5595},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":157.4138,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7472},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":79.2682},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.143,"elongation":124.44},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.143,"opposition_distance":55.56}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.501,"elongation":2.631},{"offset_days":-5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.361,"opposition_distance":1.481}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:10","sunsetLocal":"17:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":10.654643635506403,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 39 Mins 17 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 20 Mins 43 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:52","moonsetLocal":"10:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:30","end":"17:50","startHours":16.493895230562664,"endHours":17.825725685000965,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:30","end":"13:50","startHours":12.498403867247763,"endHours":13.830234321686063,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.162064776124364,"endHours":16.493895230562664,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:01","startHours":9.657165564446055,"endHours":10.012320352296268,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:54","startHours":7.615025534307327,"endHours":7.899149364587498,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:51","startHours":12.143249079397549,"endHours":12.853558655097977,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:45","end":"06:28","startHours":5.750462898093707,"endHours":6.460772473794134,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:10","startHours":6.283195079869027,"endHours":7.171082049494561,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"14:59","startHours":14.27417780649883,"endHours":14.984487382199257,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:38","end":"18:02","startHours":17.625725685000965,"endHours":18.025725685000964,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:50","end":"18:16","startHours":17.825725685000965,"endHours":18.26966916981373,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:35","end":"19:20","startHours":17.575725685000965,"endHours":19.325725685000965,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:51","startHours":24.14324907939755,"endHours":24.853558655097977,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:10","end":"08:30","startHours":7.171082049494561,"endHours":8.502912503932862,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:30","end":"09:50","startHours":8.502912503932862,"endHours":9.834742958371162,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.834742958371162,"endHours":11.166573412809463,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:10","end":"12:30","startHours":11.166573412809463,"endHours":12.498403867247763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"13:50","startHours":12.498403867247763,"endHours":13.830234321686063,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:50","end":"15:10","startHours":13.830234321686063,"endHours":15.162064776124364,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.162064776124364,"endHours":16.493895230562664,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:30","end":"17:50","startHours":16.493895230562664,"endHours":17.825725685000965,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:50","end":"19:30","startHours":17.825725685000965,"endHours":19.493895230562664,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:30","end":"21:10","startHours":19.493895230562664,"endHours":21.162064776124364,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:10","end":"22:50","startHours":21.162064776124364,"endHours":22.830234321686063,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:50","end":"00:30","startHours":22.830234321686063,"endHours":24.498403867247763,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:30","end":"02:10","startHours":24.498403867247763,"endHours":26.166573412809463,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.166573412809463,"endHours":27.834742958371162,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:50","end":"05:30","startHours":27.834742958371162,"endHours":29.502912503932862,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:30","end":"07:10","startHours":29.502912503932862,"endHours":31.17108204949456,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.171082049494561,"endHours":8.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.171082049494562,"endHours":9.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.171082049494562,"endHours":10.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.171082049494562,"endHours":11.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.171082049494562,"endHours":12.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.171082049494562,"endHours":13.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.171082049494562,"endHours":14.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.171082049494562,"endHours":15.171082049494562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.171082049494562,"endHours":16.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.17108204949456,"endHours":17.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.17108204949456,"endHours":18.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.17108204949456,"endHours":19.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.17108204949456,"endHours":20.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.17108204949456,"endHours":21.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.17108204949456,"endHours":22.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.17108204949456,"endHours":23.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.17108204949456,"endHours":24.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.17108204949456,"endHours":25.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.17108204949456,"endHours":26.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.17108204949456,"endHours":27.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.17108204949456,"endHours":28.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.17108204949456,"endHours":29.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.17108204949456,"endHours":30.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":30.17108204949456,"endHours":31.17108204949456,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.41552741167272,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":25.2928}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2160,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","saka_samvat":2025,"saka_samvatsara":"Rudhirodgāri","bengali_samvat":1510,"malayalam_era":1279,"nanakshahi_year":634,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2160 Dhātṛ · Śaka 2025 Rudhirodgāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2103 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2103 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:10, sūryāsta 17:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2103-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2103-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2103-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2103-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2103-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T02:07:35.368Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T02:07:35.368Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-21T02:07:35.368Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}