{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2031-09-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2031-09-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-09-30","date_display":"September 30, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463139.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.5784,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.4443,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":171.8659,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8659},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":333.4443,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.111},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":135.0227},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463139.770833,"ahargana":1874674.2708,"kali_year":5133,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2965,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.40040499999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":332.53320499999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.7853},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":237.94430499999999,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":166.60010499999999,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":237.771205,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":117.61820499999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.530305,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":210.7356,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":30.7356,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463139.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.5784,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.4443,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":171.8659,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8659},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":333.4443,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.111},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":135.0227},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.785,"elongation":171.866},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.785,"opposition_distance":8.134}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:08","sunsetLocal":"18:04","solarNoonLocal":"12:06","dayLengthHours":11.922979720579946,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 23 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 37 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:27","moonsetLocal":"05:26","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:05","end":"16:34","startHours":15.082160324895227,"endHours":16.57253278996772,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:07","end":"10:37","startHours":9.120670464605254,"endHours":10.611042929677748,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:06","end":"13:36","startHours":12.10141539475024,"endHours":13.591787859822734,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:55","end":"09:19","startHours":8.921954135928923,"endHours":9.319386793281588,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:57","startHours":6.6367163561511,"endHours":6.954662482033232,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:42","end":"12:30","startHours":11.703982737397576,"endHours":12.498848052102906,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:33","end":"05:21","startHours":4.55019490504961,"endHours":5.345060219754939,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:09","end":"06:08","startHours":5.146343891078606,"endHours":6.139925534460269,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:53","startHours":14.088578681513567,"endHours":14.883443996218897,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:52","end":"18:16","startHours":17.862905255040214,"endHours":18.262905255040213,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:04","end":"18:34","startHours":18.062905255040214,"endHours":18.559696076731043,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.812905255040214,"endHours":19.562905255040214,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:42","end":"00:30","startHours":23.703982737397578,"endHours":24.498848052102904,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:08","end":"07:38","startHours":6.139925534460269,"endHours":7.630297999532762,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:38","end":"09:07","startHours":7.630297999532762,"endHours":9.120670464605254,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:07","end":"10:37","startHours":9.120670464605254,"endHours":10.611042929677748,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:37","end":"12:06","startHours":10.611042929677748,"endHours":12.10141539475024,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:06","end":"13:36","startHours":12.10141539475024,"endHours":13.591787859822734,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:36","end":"15:05","startHours":13.591787859822734,"endHours":15.082160324895227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:05","end":"16:34","startHours":15.082160324895227,"endHours":16.57253278996772,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:34","end":"18:04","startHours":16.57253278996772,"endHours":18.062905255040214,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:34","startHours":18.062905255040214,"endHours":19.57253278996772,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:34","end":"21:05","startHours":19.57253278996772,"endHours":21.082160324895227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:05","end":"22:36","startHours":21.082160324895227,"endHours":22.591787859822734,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:36","end":"00:06","startHours":22.591787859822734,"endHours":24.10141539475024,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:06","end":"01:37","startHours":24.10141539475024,"endHours":25.611042929677748,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:37","end":"03:07","startHours":25.611042929677748,"endHours":27.120670464605254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:07","end":"04:38","startHours":27.120670464605254,"endHours":28.63029799953276,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:38","end":"06:08","startHours":28.63029799953276,"endHours":30.139925534460268,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.139925534460269,"endHours":7.139925534460269,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.139925534460269,"endHours":8.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.139925534460268,"endHours":9.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.139925534460268,"endHours":10.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.139925534460268,"endHours":11.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.139925534460268,"endHours":12.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.139925534460268,"endHours":13.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.139925534460268,"endHours":14.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.139925534460268,"endHours":15.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.139925534460268,"endHours":16.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.139925534460268,"endHours":17.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.139925534460268,"endHours":18.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.139925534460268,"endHours":19.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.139925534460268,"endHours":20.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.139925534460268,"endHours":21.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.139925534460268,"endHours":22.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.139925534460268,"endHours":23.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.139925534460268,"endHours":24.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.139925534460268,"endHours":25.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.139925534460268,"endHours":26.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.139925534460268,"endHours":27.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.139925534460268,"endHours":28.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.139925534460268,"endHours":29.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.139925534460268,"endHours":30.139925534460268,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-2.658469630913245,"eotMinutes":10.844676314985584,"ayanamsa":24.2965}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"sharad-purnima","name":"Śarad Pūrṇimā / Kojāgarī Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"शरद पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Lakṣmī","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vṛndāvana. Lakṣmī wakes (\"ko jāgartti?\")","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Night-long jāgaraṇa; offering of pāyasa under moonlight","detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.29-33"]},{"id":"rasa-purnima","name":"Rāsa Pūrṇimā (Vraja Mahā-Rāsa)","name_sanskrit":"रास पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Gopīs","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vraja (Bhāgavata 10.29-33). Same as Śarad Pūrṇimā but emphasized in Vraja tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2},{"id":"valmiki-jayanti","name":"Mahārṣi Vālmīki Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"महर्षि वाल्मीकि जयन्ती","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Maharṣi Vālmīki (ādi-kavi)","significance":"Composer of Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa. Āśvina Pūrṇimā tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":3},{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 30, 2031 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 30, 2031 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:08, sūryāsta 18:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2031-09-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2031-09-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2031-09-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2031-09-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2031-09-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:57:46.427Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:57:46.427Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:57:46.427Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}