{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2028-12-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-12-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-12-18","date_display":"December 18, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462123.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873658.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9501,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":267.7584,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":25.8083,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.8083},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":267.7584,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0918},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":149.7086},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462123.770833,"ahargana":1873658.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2576,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":242.37762399999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":266.38142400000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.2502},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":153.80292399999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":257.20872399999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":178.80782399999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":218.96182399999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":10.436824000000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.5681,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.5681,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462123.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873658.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9501,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":267.7584,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":25.8083,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.8083},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":267.7584,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0918},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":149.7086},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.25,"elongation":25.808},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.25,"opposition_distance":154.192}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:08","sunsetLocal":"17:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.208720912904997,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 12 Mins 31 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 47 Mins 29 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:41","moonsetLocal":"18:59","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"09:41","startHours":8.407427535191607,"endHours":9.683517649304731,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:58","end":"12:14","startHours":10.959607763417855,"endHours":12.235697877530981,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:31","end":"14:47","startHours":13.511787991644105,"endHours":14.78787810575723,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:31","end":"09:51","startHours":9.513372300756314,"endHours":9.853662997853148,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:50","startHours":7.556700792449523,"endHours":7.82893335012699,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:35","startHours":11.895407180434146,"endHours":12.575988574627813,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:27","startHours":5.770174632691148,"endHours":6.450756026884815,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:08","startHours":6.280610678336399,"endHours":7.131337421078482,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:37","startHours":13.937151363015147,"endHours":14.617732757208813,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:08","end":"17:32","startHours":17.14005833398348,"endHours":17.540058333983477,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:20","end":"17:46","startHours":17.340058333983478,"endHours":17.76542170535452,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:05","end":"18:50","startHours":17.090058333983478,"endHours":18.840058333983478,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:35","startHours":23.895407180434148,"endHours":24.575988574627814,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:08","end":"08:24","startHours":7.131337421078482,"endHours":8.407427535191607,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"09:41","startHours":8.407427535191607,"endHours":9.683517649304731,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:41","end":"10:58","startHours":9.683517649304731,"endHours":10.959607763417855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:58","end":"12:14","startHours":10.959607763417855,"endHours":12.235697877530981,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:14","end":"13:31","startHours":12.235697877530981,"endHours":13.511787991644105,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:31","end":"14:47","startHours":13.511787991644105,"endHours":14.78787810575723,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:47","end":"16:04","startHours":14.78787810575723,"endHours":16.063968219870354,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:04","end":"17:20","startHours":16.063968219870354,"endHours":17.340058333983478,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:20","end":"19:04","startHours":17.340058333983478,"endHours":19.063968219870354,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:04","end":"20:47","startHours":19.063968219870354,"endHours":20.78787810575723,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:47","end":"22:31","startHours":20.78787810575723,"endHours":22.511787991644105,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:31","end":"00:14","startHours":22.511787991644105,"endHours":24.23569787753098,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:14","end":"01:58","startHours":24.23569787753098,"endHours":25.959607763417857,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:58","end":"03:41","startHours":25.959607763417857,"endHours":27.68351764930473,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:41","end":"05:24","startHours":27.68351764930473,"endHours":29.407427535191605,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:24","end":"07:08","startHours":29.407427535191605,"endHours":31.13133742107848,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.131337421078482,"endHours":8.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.13133742107848,"endHours":9.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.13133742107848,"endHours":10.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.13133742107848,"endHours":11.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.13133742107848,"endHours":12.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.13133742107848,"endHours":13.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.13133742107848,"endHours":14.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.13133742107848,"endHours":15.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.13133742107848,"endHours":16.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.13133742107848,"endHours":17.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.13133742107848,"endHours":18.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.13133742107848,"endHours":19.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.13133742107848,"endHours":20.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.13133742107848,"endHours":21.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.13133742107848,"endHours":22.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.13133742107848,"endHours":23.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.13133742107848,"endHours":24.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.13133742107848,"endHours":25.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.13133742107848,"endHours":26.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.13133742107848,"endHours":27.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.13133742107848,"endHours":28.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.13133742107848,"endHours":29.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.13133742107848,"endHours":30.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":30.13133742107848,"endHours":31.13133742107848,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.393689641593262,"eotMinutes":2.787727348141232,"ayanamsa":24.2576}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 18, 2028 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 18, 2028 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 07:08, sūryāsta 17:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-12-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-12-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-12-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-12-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-12-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:54:15.735Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:54:15.735Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:54:15.735Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}