{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2028-04-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-04-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-04-18","date_display":"April 18, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461879.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873414.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.3408,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3776,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.0369,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0369},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":287.3776,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3776},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":291.7184},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461879.770833,"ahargana":1873414.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2483,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.288446000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":289.034846,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.7715},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":357.850646,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":10.636145999999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":144.142246,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":46.541345999999976,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":6.39484600000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":277.4964,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":97.4964,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461879.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873414.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.3408,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3776,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.0369,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0369},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":287.3776,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3776},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":291.7184},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.771,"elongation":76.963},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.771,"opposition_distance":103.037}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:47","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":12.990095155603967,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 59 Mins 24 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 00 Mins 36 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:53","moonsetLocal":"12:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:31","end":"17:09","startHours":15.521252407302935,"endHours":17.14501430175343,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:02","end":"10:39","startHours":9.026204829500951,"endHours":10.649966723951447,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:16","end":"13:54","startHours":12.273728618401943,"endHours":13.897490512852439,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:15","startHours":8.809703243574218,"endHours":9.242706415427683,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:19","end":"06:40","startHours":6.319935005416791,"endHours":6.666337542899563,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:42","startHours":11.840725446548477,"endHours":12.706731790255409,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:03","end":"04:55","startHours":4.046668353186096,"endHours":4.912674696893028,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:42","end":"05:47","startHours":4.696173110966295,"endHours":5.778681040599959,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:18","startHours":14.438744477669271,"endHours":15.304750821376203,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.568776196203927,"endHours":18.968776196203926,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:19","startHours":18.768776196203927,"endHours":19.31003016102076,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.518776196203927,"endHours":20.268776196203927,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:42","startHours":23.84072544654848,"endHours":24.706731790255407,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:47","end":"07:24","startHours":5.778681040599959,"endHours":7.402442935050455,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:24","end":"09:02","startHours":7.402442935050455,"endHours":9.026204829500951,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:02","end":"10:39","startHours":9.026204829500951,"endHours":10.649966723951447,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:39","end":"12:16","startHours":10.649966723951447,"endHours":12.273728618401943,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:16","end":"13:54","startHours":12.273728618401943,"endHours":13.897490512852439,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:54","end":"15:31","startHours":13.897490512852439,"endHours":15.521252407302935,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:31","end":"17:09","startHours":15.521252407302935,"endHours":17.14501430175343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:09","end":"18:46","startHours":17.14501430175343,"endHours":18.768776196203927,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:46","end":"20:09","startHours":18.768776196203927,"endHours":20.14501430175343,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:09","end":"21:31","startHours":20.14501430175343,"endHours":21.521252407302935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:31","end":"22:54","startHours":21.521252407302935,"endHours":22.89749051285244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:54","end":"00:16","startHours":22.89749051285244,"endHours":24.273728618401943,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:16","end":"01:39","startHours":24.273728618401943,"endHours":25.649966723951447,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:39","end":"03:02","startHours":25.649966723951447,"endHours":27.02620482950095,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:02","end":"04:24","startHours":27.02620482950095,"endHours":28.402442935050455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:24","end":"05:47","startHours":28.402442935050455,"endHours":29.77868104059996,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.778681040599959,"endHours":6.778681040599959,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.778681040599959,"endHours":7.778681040599959,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.778681040599959,"endHours":8.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.77868104059996,"endHours":9.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.77868104059996,"endHours":10.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.77868104059996,"endHours":11.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.77868104059996,"endHours":12.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.77868104059996,"endHours":13.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.77868104059996,"endHours":14.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.77868104059996,"endHours":15.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.77868104059996,"endHours":16.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.77868104059996,"endHours":17.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.77868104059996,"endHours":18.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.77868104059996,"endHours":19.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.77868104059996,"endHours":20.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.77868104059996,"endHours":21.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.77868104059996,"endHours":22.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.77868104059996,"endHours":23.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.77868104059996,"endHours":24.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.77868104059996,"endHours":25.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.77868104059996,"endHours":26.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.77868104059996,"endHours":27.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.77868104059996,"endHours":28.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.77868104059996,"endHours":29.77868104059996,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":10.953114438683546,"eotMinutes":0.5058828958834352,"ayanamsa":24.2483}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 18, 2028 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 18, 2028 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 05:47, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-04-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-04-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-04-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-04-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2028-04-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T11:52:26.476Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T11:52:26.476Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T11:52:26.476Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}