{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2025-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2025-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460826.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872361.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.478,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.8552,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.3772,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.3772},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":96.8552,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5218},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":142.3331},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460826.770833,"ahargana":1872361.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.208,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.65647799999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":98.41387800000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.7485},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":115.93967799999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":46.29917799999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":63.50807800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":359.442178,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":336.297478,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":333.2894,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":153.2894,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460826.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872361.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.478,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.8552,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.3772,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.3772},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":96.8552,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5218},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":142.3331},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.748,"elongation":51.377},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.748,"opposition_distance":128.623}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:16","sunsetLocal":"19:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":13.94087112414956,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 56 Mins 27 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 03 Mins 33 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:55","moonsetLocal":"22:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:45","end":"10:30","startHours":8.755282772993617,"endHours":10.497891663512311,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:59","end":"15:44","startHours":13.9831094445497,"endHours":15.725718335068397,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:16","end":"07:01","startHours":5.270064991956226,"endHours":7.012673882474921,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:31","end":"08:59","startHours":8.522934920924456,"endHours":8.987630625062776,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:51","end":"06:13","startHours":5.850934622129125,"endHours":6.22269118543978,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:42","startHours":11.775804849892687,"endHours":12.705196258169323,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:25","end":"04:20","startHours":3.4112821754029516,"endHours":4.340673583679589,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:06","end":"05:16","startHours":4.10832573161043,"endHours":5.270064991956226,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:30","startHours":14.5639790747226,"endHours":15.493370482999238,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:01","end":"19:25","startHours":19.010936116105785,"endHours":19.410936116105784,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:13","end":"19:48","startHours":19.210936116105785,"endHours":19.791805746278683,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:58","end":"20:43","startHours":18.960936116105785,"endHours":20.710936116105785,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:42","startHours":23.775804849892687,"endHours":24.705196258169323,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:16","end":"07:01","startHours":5.270064991956226,"endHours":7.012673882474921,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:01","end":"08:45","startHours":7.012673882474921,"endHours":8.755282772993617,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:45","end":"10:30","startHours":8.755282772993617,"endHours":10.497891663512311,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:30","end":"12:14","startHours":10.497891663512311,"endHours":12.240500554031005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:14","end":"13:59","startHours":12.240500554031005,"endHours":13.9831094445497,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:59","end":"15:44","startHours":13.9831094445497,"endHours":15.725718335068397,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:44","end":"17:28","startHours":15.725718335068397,"endHours":17.46832722558709,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:28","end":"19:13","startHours":17.46832722558709,"endHours":19.210936116105785,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:13","end":"20:28","startHours":19.210936116105785,"endHours":20.46832722558709,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:28","end":"21:44","startHours":20.46832722558709,"endHours":21.725718335068393,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:44","end":"22:59","startHours":21.725718335068393,"endHours":22.9831094445497,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:59","end":"00:14","startHours":22.9831094445497,"endHours":24.240500554031005,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:14","end":"01:30","startHours":24.240500554031005,"endHours":25.49789166351231,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:30","end":"02:45","startHours":25.49789166351231,"endHours":26.755282772993617,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:45","end":"04:01","startHours":26.755282772993617,"endHours":28.01267388247492,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:01","end":"05:16","startHours":28.01267388247492,"endHours":29.270064991956225,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":5.270064991956226,"endHours":6.270064991956226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.270064991956226,"endHours":7.270064991956226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.270064991956226,"endHours":8.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.270064991956225,"endHours":9.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.270064991956225,"endHours":10.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.270064991956225,"endHours":11.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.270064991956225,"endHours":12.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.270064991956225,"endHours":13.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.270064991956225,"endHours":14.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.270064991956225,"endHours":15.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.270064991956225,"endHours":16.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.270064991956225,"endHours":17.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.270064991956225,"endHours":18.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.270064991956225,"endHours":19.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.270064991956225,"endHours":20.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.270064991956225,"endHours":21.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.270064991956225,"endHours":22.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.270064991956225,"endHours":23.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.270064991956225,"endHours":24.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.270064991956225,"endHours":25.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.270064991956225,"endHours":26.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.270064991956225,"endHours":27.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.270064991956225,"endHours":28.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.270064991956225,"endHours":29.270064991956225,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.92690621389966,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":24.208}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 2025 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 2025 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:16, sūryāsta 19:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2025-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2025-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2025-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2025-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2025-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:42:05.526Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:42:05.526Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T00:42:05.526Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}