{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2023-01-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2023-01-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-01-26","date_display":"January 26, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459970.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871505.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.5476,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":336.353,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8054,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8054},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":336.353,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0197},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.9007},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459970.770833,"ahargana":1871505.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1753,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.630584,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":339.454084,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.0264},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":44.720484,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.754584,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":340.806884,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":304.2015839999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":301.055784,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":18.6444,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":198.6444,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459970.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871505.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.5476,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":336.353,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8054,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8054},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":336.353,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0197},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.9007},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.026,"elongation":54.805},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.026,"opposition_distance":125.195}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:11","sunsetLocal":"17:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":10.619794748199851,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 37 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 22 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:15","moonsetLocal":"22:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:49","end":"15:09","startHours":13.81868076775216,"endHours":15.146155111277142,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.181309050127253,"endHours":8.508783393652234,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.836257737177217,"endHours":11.163732080702196,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.659261158040552,"endHours":10.01325431631388,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:54","startHours":7.623800497968913,"endHours":7.906995024587576,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:51","startHours":12.137213265953852,"endHours":12.845199582500507,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:28","startHours":5.765336417033939,"endHours":6.473322733580597,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:18","end":"07:11","startHours":6.296326154443932,"endHours":7.181309050127253,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"14:58","startHours":14.26117221559382,"endHours":14.969158532140478,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:36","end":"18:00","startHours":17.601103798327106,"endHours":18.001103798327104,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:48","end":"18:15","startHours":17.801103798327105,"endHours":18.243595246168766,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:33","end":"19:18","startHours":17.551103798327105,"endHours":19.301103798327105,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:51","startHours":24.13721326595385,"endHours":24.84519958250051,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.181309050127253,"endHours":8.508783393652234,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:31","end":"09:50","startHours":8.508783393652234,"endHours":9.836257737177217,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.836257737177217,"endHours":11.163732080702196,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:10","end":"12:29","startHours":11.163732080702196,"endHours":12.49120642422718,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:29","end":"13:49","startHours":12.49120642422718,"endHours":13.81868076775216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:49","end":"15:09","startHours":13.81868076775216,"endHours":15.146155111277142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:09","end":"16:28","startHours":15.146155111277142,"endHours":16.473629454802122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:28","end":"17:48","startHours":16.473629454802122,"endHours":17.801103798327105,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:48","end":"19:28","startHours":17.801103798327105,"endHours":19.473629454802122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:28","end":"21:09","startHours":19.473629454802122,"endHours":21.146155111277142,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:09","end":"22:49","startHours":21.146155111277142,"endHours":22.818680767752163,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:49","end":"00:29","startHours":22.818680767752163,"endHours":24.49120642422718,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:29","end":"02:10","startHours":24.49120642422718,"endHours":26.163732080702196,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.163732080702196,"endHours":27.836257737177217,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:50","end":"05:31","startHours":27.836257737177217,"endHours":29.508783393652237,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:31","end":"07:11","startHours":29.508783393652237,"endHours":31.181309050127254,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.181309050127253,"endHours":8.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.181309050127254,"endHours":9.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.181309050127254,"endHours":10.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.181309050127254,"endHours":11.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.181309050127254,"endHours":12.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.181309050127254,"endHours":13.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.181309050127254,"endHours":14.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.181309050127254,"endHours":15.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.181309050127254,"endHours":16.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.181309050127254,"endHours":17.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.181309050127254,"endHours":18.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.181309050127254,"endHours":19.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.181309050127254,"endHours":20.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.181309050127254,"endHours":21.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.181309050127254,"endHours":22.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.181309050127254,"endHours":23.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.181309050127254,"endHours":24.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.181309050127254,"endHours":25.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.181309050127254,"endHours":26.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.181309050127254,"endHours":27.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.181309050127254,"endHours":28.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.181309050127254,"endHours":29.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.181309050127254,"endHours":30.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":30.181309050127254,"endHours":31.181309050127254,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.81796589150498,"eotMinutes":-12.542785453630707,"ayanamsa":24.1753}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 26, 2023 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 26, 2023 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:11, sūryāsta 17:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2023-01-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2023-01-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2023-01-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2023-01-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2023-01-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:07:34.676Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:07:34.676Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:07:34.676Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}