{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2021-07-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2021-07-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-07-24","date_display":"July 24, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":7,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459419.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870954.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.6971,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.5071,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":180.81,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.81},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.5071,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8405},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":14.2043},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":7,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459419.770833,"ahargana":1870954.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1542,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":97.23603600000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.348936,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.4289},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":121.88243599999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":87.19683600000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":306.272836,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":127.96143599999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":286.735136,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":47.8391,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":227.8391,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":7,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459419.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870954.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.6971,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.5071,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":180.81,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.81},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.5071,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8405},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":14.2043},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.429,"elongation":179.19},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.429,"opposition_distance":0.81}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:31","sunsetLocal":"19:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":13.74936172854705,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 44 Mins 58 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 15 Mins 02 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:05","moonsetLocal":"05:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:57","end":"10:40","startHours":8.94748906771521,"endHours":10.666159283783593,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:49","startHours":14.103499715920357,"endHours":15.822169931988736,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:31","end":"07:14","startHours":5.510148635578449,"endHours":7.22881885164683,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:43","end":"09:11","startHours":8.718333038906094,"endHours":9.176645096524329,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:05","end":"06:27","startHours":6.083038707601243,"endHours":6.449688353695831,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:51","startHours":11.92651744223374,"endHours":12.84314155747021,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:41","end":"04:36","startHours":3.6769004051055085,"endHours":4.593524520341979,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:22","end":"05:31","startHours":4.364368491532861,"endHours":5.510148635578449,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:36","startHours":14.676389787943148,"endHours":15.593013903179617,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:04","end":"19:28","startHours":19.0595103641255,"endHours":19.4595103641255,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:16","end":"19:50","startHours":19.2595103641255,"endHours":19.832400436148294,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:01","end":"20:46","startHours":19.0095103641255,"endHours":20.7595103641255,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:51","startHours":23.926517442233738,"endHours":24.84314155747021,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:31","end":"07:14","startHours":5.510148635578449,"endHours":7.22881885164683,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:14","end":"08:57","startHours":7.22881885164683,"endHours":8.94748906771521,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:57","end":"10:40","startHours":8.94748906771521,"endHours":10.666159283783593,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:40","end":"12:23","startHours":10.666159283783593,"endHours":12.384829499851975,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:23","end":"14:06","startHours":12.384829499851975,"endHours":14.103499715920357,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:49","startHours":14.103499715920357,"endHours":15.822169931988736,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:49","end":"17:32","startHours":15.822169931988736,"endHours":17.540840148057118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:32","end":"19:16","startHours":17.540840148057118,"endHours":19.2595103641255,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:16","end":"20:32","startHours":19.2595103641255,"endHours":20.540840148057118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:32","end":"21:49","startHours":20.540840148057118,"endHours":21.82216993198874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:49","end":"23:06","startHours":21.82216993198874,"endHours":23.103499715920357,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:23","startHours":23.103499715920357,"endHours":24.384829499851975,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:23","end":"01:40","startHours":24.384829499851975,"endHours":25.666159283783593,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:40","end":"02:57","startHours":25.666159283783593,"endHours":26.94748906771521,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:57","end":"04:14","startHours":26.94748906771521,"endHours":28.22881885164683,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:14","end":"05:31","startHours":28.22881885164683,"endHours":29.51014863557845,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.510148635578449,"endHours":6.510148635578449,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.510148635578449,"endHours":7.510148635578449,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.510148635578449,"endHours":8.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.51014863557845,"endHours":9.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.51014863557845,"endHours":10.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.51014863557845,"endHours":11.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.51014863557845,"endHours":12.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.51014863557845,"endHours":13.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.51014863557845,"endHours":14.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.51014863557845,"endHours":15.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.51014863557845,"endHours":16.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.51014863557845,"endHours":17.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.51014863557845,"endHours":18.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.51014863557845,"endHours":19.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.51014863557845,"endHours":20.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.51014863557845,"endHours":21.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.51014863557845,"endHours":22.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.51014863557845,"endHours":23.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.51014863557845,"endHours":24.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.51014863557845,"endHours":25.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.51014863557845,"endHours":26.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.51014863557845,"endHours":27.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.51014863557845,"endHours":28.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.51014863557845,"endHours":29.51014863557845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.847642816223964,"eotMinutes":-6.160169991118456,"ayanamsa":24.1542}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 24, 2021 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 24, 2021 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:31, sūryāsta 19:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2021-07-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2021-07-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2021-07-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2021-07-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2021-07-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:31:15.474Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:31:15.474Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T06:31:15.474Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}