{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2016-08-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2016-08-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-08-20","date_display":"August 20, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457620.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.7006,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.6928,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.9922,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9922},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.6928,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6928},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":85.3933},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457620.770833,"ahargana":1869155.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0854,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":123.37837100000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.8343709999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.0366},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":223.39497099999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":150.31667099999999,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":151.06917099999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":143.38257099999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.53757099999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":143.1587,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":323.1587,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457620.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.7006,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.6928,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.9922,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9922},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.6928,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6928},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":85.3933},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.037,"elongation":160.008},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.037,"opposition_distance":19.992}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:47","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":13.104478703384983,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:53","moonsetLocal":"07:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:42","startHours":9.056873839329258,"endHours":10.69493367725238,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:58","end":"15:37","startHours":13.971053353098625,"endHours":15.609113191021748,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:47","end":"07:25","startHours":5.780754163483012,"endHours":7.418814001406135,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:17","startHours":8.838465860939507,"endHours":9.275281817719007,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:20","end":"06:41","startHours":6.326774109457387,"endHours":6.676226874880986,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:46","startHours":11.896177558396005,"endHours":12.769809471955003,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:02","end":"04:54","startHours":4.0334903363650145,"endHours":4.907122249924013,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:41","end":"05:47","startHours":4.688714271534264,"endHours":5.780754163483012,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:31","end":"15:23","startHours":14.517073299073001,"endHours":15.390705212632,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.685232866867995,"endHours":19.085232866867994,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:26","startHours":18.885232866867995,"endHours":19.43125281284237,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.635232866867995,"endHours":20.385232866867995,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:46","startHours":23.896177558396,"endHours":24.769809471955003,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:47","end":"07:25","startHours":5.780754163483012,"endHours":7.418814001406135,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:25","end":"09:03","startHours":7.418814001406135,"endHours":9.056873839329258,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:03","end":"10:42","startHours":9.056873839329258,"endHours":10.69493367725238,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:42","end":"12:20","startHours":10.69493367725238,"endHours":12.332993515175502,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:20","end":"13:58","startHours":12.332993515175502,"endHours":13.971053353098625,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:58","end":"15:37","startHours":13.971053353098625,"endHours":15.609113191021748,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:37","end":"17:15","startHours":15.609113191021748,"endHours":17.24717302894487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:53","startHours":17.24717302894487,"endHours":18.885232866867995,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:53","end":"20:15","startHours":18.885232866867995,"endHours":20.24717302894487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:15","end":"21:37","startHours":20.24717302894487,"endHours":21.60911319102175,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:37","end":"22:58","startHours":21.60911319102175,"endHours":22.971053353098625,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:58","end":"00:20","startHours":22.971053353098625,"endHours":24.332993515175502,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:20","end":"01:42","startHours":24.332993515175502,"endHours":25.69493367725238,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:42","end":"03:03","startHours":25.69493367725238,"endHours":27.056873839329256,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:03","end":"04:25","startHours":27.056873839329256,"endHours":28.418814001406133,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:25","end":"05:47","startHours":28.418814001406133,"endHours":29.78075416348301,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.780754163483012,"endHours":6.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.780754163483012,"endHours":7.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.780754163483012,"endHours":8.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.780754163483012,"endHours":9.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.780754163483012,"endHours":10.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.780754163483012,"endHours":11.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.780754163483012,"endHours":12.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.780754163483012,"endHours":13.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.780754163483012,"endHours":14.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.780754163483012,"endHours":15.780754163483012,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.780754163483012,"endHours":16.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.78075416348301,"endHours":17.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.78075416348301,"endHours":18.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.78075416348301,"endHours":19.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.78075416348301,"endHours":20.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.78075416348301,"endHours":21.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.78075416348301,"endHours":22.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.78075416348301,"endHours":23.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.78075416348301,"endHours":24.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.78075416348301,"endHours":25.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.78075416348301,"endHours":26.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.78075416348301,"endHours":27.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.78075416348301,"endHours":28.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.78075416348301,"endHours":29.78075416348301,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":12.351796032890629,"eotMinutes":-3.0500109105302213,"ayanamsa":24.0854}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 20, 2016 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 20, 2016 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:47, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2016-08-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2016-08-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2016-08-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2016-08-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2016-08-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T21:02:59.019Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T21:02:59.019Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T21:02:59.019Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}