{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2015-12-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2015-12-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-12-31","date_display":"December 31, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457387.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868922.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6544,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.8504,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":247.196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.196},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":141.8504,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.517},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":36.5047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457387.770833,"ahargana":1868922.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0765,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.940474,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.228274,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.0612},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":183.71647400000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":274.342174,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":148.325374,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":216.58977400000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":226.73787400000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":155.5042,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":335.5042,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457387.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868922.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6544,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.8504,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":247.196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.196},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":141.8504,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.517},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":36.5047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.061,"elongation":112.804},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.061,"opposition_distance":67.196}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:13","sunsetLocal":"17:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":10.233248901529429,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 14 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 46 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:29","moonsetLocal":"11:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"14:54","startHours":13.615586694754601,"endHours":14.89474280744578,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:13","end":"08:30","startHours":7.219806131298708,"endHours":8.498962243989887,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:47","end":"11:03","startHours":9.778118356681066,"endHours":11.057274469372244,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:36","end":"09:57","startHours":9.607564208322241,"endHours":9.94867250503989,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:55","startHours":7.646191502195768,"endHours":7.919078139569885,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:41","startHours":11.995322285345773,"endHours":12.67753887878107,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:51","end":"06:32","startHours":5.855372944428117,"endHours":6.537589537863413,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:22","end":"07:13","startHours":6.367035389504589,"endHours":7.219806131298708,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:43","startHours":14.04197206565166,"endHours":14.724188659086956,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:15","end":"17:39","startHours":17.253055032828136,"endHours":17.653055032828135,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:27","end":"17:53","startHours":17.453055032828136,"endHours":17.879440403725194,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:12","end":"18:57","startHours":17.203055032828136,"endHours":18.953055032828136,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:41","startHours":23.995322285345775,"endHours":24.677538878781068,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:13","end":"08:30","startHours":7.219806131298708,"endHours":8.498962243989887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:47","startHours":8.498962243989887,"endHours":9.778118356681066,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:47","end":"11:03","startHours":9.778118356681066,"endHours":11.057274469372244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:03","end":"12:20","startHours":11.057274469372244,"endHours":12.336430582063421,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:20","end":"13:37","startHours":12.336430582063421,"endHours":13.615586694754601,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:37","end":"14:54","startHours":13.615586694754601,"endHours":14.89474280744578,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:54","end":"16:10","startHours":14.89474280744578,"endHours":16.173898920136956,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:10","end":"17:27","startHours":16.173898920136956,"endHours":17.453055032828136,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:27","end":"19:10","startHours":17.453055032828136,"endHours":19.173898920136956,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:10","end":"20:54","startHours":19.173898920136956,"endHours":20.89474280744578,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:54","end":"22:37","startHours":20.89474280744578,"endHours":22.6155866947546,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:37","end":"00:20","startHours":22.6155866947546,"endHours":24.33643058206342,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:20","end":"02:03","startHours":24.33643058206342,"endHours":26.057274469372242,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:03","end":"03:47","startHours":26.057274469372242,"endHours":27.778118356681063,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:47","end":"05:30","startHours":27.778118356681063,"endHours":29.498962243989887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:13","startHours":29.498962243989887,"endHours":31.219806131298707,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.219806131298708,"endHours":8.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.219806131298707,"endHours":9.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.219806131298707,"endHours":10.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.219806131298707,"endHours":11.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.219806131298707,"endHours":12.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.219806131298707,"endHours":13.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.219806131298707,"endHours":14.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.219806131298707,"endHours":15.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.219806131298707,"endHours":16.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.219806131298707,"endHours":17.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.219806131298707,"endHours":18.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.219806131298707,"endHours":19.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.219806131298707,"endHours":20.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.219806131298707,"endHours":21.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.219806131298707,"endHours":22.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.219806131298707,"endHours":23.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.219806131298707,"endHours":24.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.219806131298707,"endHours":25.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.219806131298707,"endHours":26.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.219806131298707,"endHours":27.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.219806131298707,"endHours":28.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.219806131298707,"endHours":29.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.219806131298707,"endHours":30.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":30.219806131298707,"endHours":31.219806131298707,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.12991181412051,"eotMinutes":-3.2562349238053434,"ayanamsa":24.0765}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 31, 2015 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 31, 2015 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 07:13, sūryāsta 17:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2015-12-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2015-12-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2015-12-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2015-12-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2015-12-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T22:46:32.987Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T22:46:32.987Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T22:46:32.987Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}