{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2013-10-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2013-10-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-10-31","date_display":"October 31, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456596.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868131.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":193.0097,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.3001,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":316.2904,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2904},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.3001,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6335},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":342.3098},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456596.770833,"ahargana":1868131.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0462,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":193.730996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.80109600000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3487},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":134.95309600000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":197.87069599999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":85.78339600000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":240.54379599999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":199.15239599999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":197.4152,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":17.4152,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456596.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868131.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":193.0097,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.3001,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":316.2904,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2904},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.3001,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6335},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":342.3098},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.349,"elongation":43.71},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.349,"opposition_distance":136.29}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.128,"opposition_distance":2.501}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:30","sunsetLocal":"17:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:00","dayLengthHours":11.017723190521288,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:56","moonsetLocal":"15:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:23","end":"14:46","startHours":13.385162406306359,"endHours":14.76237780512152,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:30","end":"07:53","startHours":6.499085412230554,"endHours":7.876300811045715,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:15","end":"10:38","startHours":9.253516209860877,"endHours":10.630731608676037,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:04","end":"09:26","startHours":9.069887490018854,"endHours":9.437144929702898,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:15","startHours":6.958157211835608,"endHours":7.251963163582842,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:23","startHours":11.640689567807154,"endHours":12.37520444717524,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:02","end":"05:46","startHours":5.030055653494382,"endHours":5.764570532862468,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:35","end":"06:30","startHours":5.580941813020447,"endHours":6.499085412230554,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:51","end":"14:35","startHours":13.844234205911413,"endHours":14.5787490852795,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:19","end":"17:43","startHours":17.31680860275184,"endHours":17.71680860275184,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:31","end":"17:59","startHours":17.51680860275184,"endHours":17.975880402356893,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:16","end":"19:01","startHours":17.26680860275184,"endHours":19.01680860275184,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:23","startHours":23.640689567807154,"endHours":24.37520444717524,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:30","end":"07:53","startHours":6.499085412230554,"endHours":7.876300811045715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:53","end":"09:15","startHours":7.876300811045715,"endHours":9.253516209860877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:15","end":"10:38","startHours":9.253516209860877,"endHours":10.630731608676037,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:38","end":"12:00","startHours":10.630731608676037,"endHours":12.007947007491197,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:00","end":"13:23","startHours":12.007947007491197,"endHours":13.385162406306359,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:23","end":"14:46","startHours":13.385162406306359,"endHours":14.76237780512152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:46","end":"16:08","startHours":14.76237780512152,"endHours":16.13959320393668,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:08","end":"17:31","startHours":16.13959320393668,"endHours":17.51680860275184,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:31","end":"19:08","startHours":17.51680860275184,"endHours":19.13959320393668,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:08","end":"20:46","startHours":19.13959320393668,"endHours":20.762377805121517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:46","end":"22:23","startHours":20.762377805121517,"endHours":22.385162406306357,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:23","end":"00:00","startHours":22.385162406306357,"endHours":24.007947007491197,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:00","end":"01:38","startHours":24.007947007491197,"endHours":25.630731608676037,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:38","end":"03:15","startHours":25.630731608676037,"endHours":27.253516209860877,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:15","end":"04:53","startHours":27.253516209860877,"endHours":28.876300811045713,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:53","end":"06:30","startHours":28.876300811045713,"endHours":30.499085412230553,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.499085412230554,"endHours":7.499085412230554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.499085412230554,"endHours":8.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.499085412230553,"endHours":9.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.499085412230553,"endHours":10.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.499085412230553,"endHours":11.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.499085412230553,"endHours":12.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.499085412230553,"endHours":13.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.499085412230553,"endHours":14.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.499085412230553,"endHours":15.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.499085412230553,"endHours":16.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.499085412230553,"endHours":17.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.499085412230553,"endHours":18.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.499085412230553,"endHours":19.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.499085412230553,"endHours":20.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.499085412230553,"endHours":21.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.499085412230553,"endHours":22.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.499085412230553,"endHours":23.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.499085412230553,"endHours":24.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.499085412230553,"endHours":25.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.499085412230553,"endHours":26.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.499085412230553,"endHours":27.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.499085412230553,"endHours":28.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.499085412230553,"endHours":29.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.499085412230553,"endHours":30.499085412230553,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-14.10194470125079,"eotMinutes":16.45277955052819,"ayanamsa":24.0462}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"govatsa-dwadashi","name":"Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vaccha Bāras)","name_sanskrit":"गोवत्स द्वादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Gomātā","significance":"Worship of cow + calf; pre-Diwali day.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":27,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":4},{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 31, 2013 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 31, 2013 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:30, sūryāsta 17:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2013-10-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2013-10-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2013-10-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2013-10-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2013-10-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T20:39:40.988Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T20:39:40.988Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T20:39:40.988Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}