{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2010-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2010-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2010-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2010 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2010,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455408.770833,"kali_year":5112,"ahargana":1866943.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.1974,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":341.6011,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.4037,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4037},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":341.6011,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2678},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":84.7986},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2010,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455408.770833,"ahargana":1866943.2708,"kali_year":5112,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0008,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.75158599999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":338.087586,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4474},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":156.462986,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":129.94318599999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":339.432386,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":148.369686,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":156.54398600000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":260.3612,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":80.3612,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2010,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455408.770833,"kali_year":5112,"ahargana":1866943.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.1974,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":341.6011,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.4037,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4037},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":341.6011,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2678},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":84.7986},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.447,"elongation":121.596},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.447,"opposition_distance":58.404}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.438,"elongation":1.774},{"offset_days":-5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.47,"opposition_distance":1.258}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:35","sunsetLocal":"19:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":13.613460276476552,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 36 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 23 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:56","moonsetLocal":"10:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:59","end":"10:41","startHours":8.979984506086712,"endHours":10.68166704064628,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:05","end":"15:47","startHours":14.085032109765418,"endHours":15.786714644324988,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:35","end":"07:17","startHours":5.576619436967573,"endHours":7.278301971527142,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:45","end":"09:12","startHours":8.75309350147877,"endHours":9.206875510694655,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:09","end":"06:30","startHours":6.14384694848743,"endHours":6.506872555860138,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:50","startHours":11.929567565989963,"endHours":12.837131584421734,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:46","end":"04:40","startHours":3.761491400104033,"endHours":4.6690554185358035,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:27","end":"05:35","startHours":4.442164413927861,"endHours":5.576619436967573,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:34","startHours":14.652259621285275,"endHours":15.559823639717045,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:59","end":"19:23","startHours":18.990079713444125,"endHours":19.390079713444123,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:11","end":"19:45","startHours":19.190079713444124,"endHours":19.75730722496398,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:56","end":"20:41","startHours":18.940079713444124,"endHours":20.690079713444124,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:50","startHours":23.929567565989963,"endHours":24.837131584421734,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:35","end":"07:17","startHours":5.576619436967573,"endHours":7.278301971527142,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:17","end":"08:59","startHours":7.278301971527142,"endHours":8.979984506086712,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:59","end":"10:41","startHours":8.979984506086712,"endHours":10.68166704064628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:41","end":"12:23","startHours":10.68166704064628,"endHours":12.383349575205848,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:23","end":"14:05","startHours":12.383349575205848,"endHours":14.085032109765418,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:05","end":"15:47","startHours":14.085032109765418,"endHours":15.786714644324988,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:47","end":"17:29","startHours":15.786714644324988,"endHours":17.488397178884554,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:29","end":"19:11","startHours":17.488397178884554,"endHours":19.190079713444124,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:11","end":"20:29","startHours":19.190079713444124,"endHours":20.488397178884554,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:29","end":"21:47","startHours":20.488397178884554,"endHours":21.786714644324988,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:47","end":"23:05","startHours":21.786714644324988,"endHours":23.085032109765418,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:05","end":"00:23","startHours":23.085032109765418,"endHours":24.38334957520585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:23","end":"01:41","startHours":24.38334957520585,"endHours":25.68166704064628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:41","end":"02:59","startHours":25.68166704064628,"endHours":26.97998450608671,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:59","end":"04:17","startHours":26.97998450608671,"endHours":28.278301971527142,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:17","end":"05:35","startHours":28.278301971527142,"endHours":29.576619436967572,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:35","end":"06:35","startHours":5.576619436967573,"endHours":6.576619436967573,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:35","end":"07:35","startHours":6.576619436967573,"endHours":7.576619436967573,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:35","end":"08:35","startHours":7.576619436967573,"endHours":8.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:35","end":"09:35","startHours":8.576619436967572,"endHours":9.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:35","end":"10:35","startHours":9.576619436967572,"endHours":10.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:35","end":"11:35","startHours":10.576619436967572,"endHours":11.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:35","end":"12:35","startHours":11.576619436967572,"endHours":12.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:35","end":"13:35","startHours":12.576619436967572,"endHours":13.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:35","end":"14:35","startHours":13.576619436967572,"endHours":14.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:35","end":"15:35","startHours":14.576619436967572,"endHours":15.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:35","end":"16:35","startHours":15.576619436967572,"endHours":16.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:35","end":"17:35","startHours":16.576619436967572,"endHours":17.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:35","end":"18:35","startHours":17.576619436967572,"endHours":18.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:35","end":"19:35","startHours":18.576619436967572,"endHours":19.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:35","end":"20:35","startHours":19.576619436967572,"endHours":20.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:35","end":"21:35","startHours":20.576619436967572,"endHours":21.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:35","end":"22:35","startHours":21.576619436967572,"endHours":22.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:35","end":"23:35","startHours":22.576619436967572,"endHours":23.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:35","end":"00:35","startHours":23.576619436967572,"endHours":24.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:35","end":"01:35","startHours":24.576619436967572,"endHours":25.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:35","end":"02:35","startHours":25.576619436967572,"endHours":26.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:35","end":"03:35","startHours":26.576619436967572,"endHours":27.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:35","end":"04:35","startHours":27.576619436967572,"endHours":28.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:35","end":"05:35","startHours":28.576619436967572,"endHours":29.576619436967572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.328988327736436,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.0008}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2067,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śobhana","saka_samvat":1932,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","bengali_samvat":1417,"malayalam_era":1186,"nanakshahi_year":541,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2067 Śobhana · Śaka 1932 Vikṛti"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2010 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2010 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:35, sūryāsta 19:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2010-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2010-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2010-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2010-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2010-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T22:41:17.574Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T22:41:17.574Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-30T22:41:17.574Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}