{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2008-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2008-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2008-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2008 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2008,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454496.770833,"kali_year":5109,"ahargana":1866031.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.5427,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":205.1444,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":278.6018,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6018},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":205.1444,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1444},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.6871},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2008,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454496.770833,"ahargana":1866031.2708,"kali_year":5109,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9659,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.5551310000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":205.56003099999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3747},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":60.01593100000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":299.385131,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":256.415831,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":254.16723100000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":132.866131,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":308.6833,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":128.6833,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2008,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454496.770833,"kali_year":5109,"ahargana":1866031.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.5427,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":205.1444,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":278.6018,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6018},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":205.1444,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1444},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.6871},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.375,"elongation":81.398},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.375,"opposition_distance":98.602}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":7,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.318,"elongation":2.429}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"17:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":10.724842149283951,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 43 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 16 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:46","moonsetLocal":"12:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:51","end":"15:11","startHours":13.848258411024528,"endHours":15.18886367968502,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:09","end":"08:29","startHours":7.145232067722058,"endHours":8.485837336382552,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.826442605043045,"endHours":11.16704787370354,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:00","startHours":9.647695235888314,"endHours":10.005189974197778,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:36","end":"07:53","startHours":7.59210049060889,"endHours":7.878096281256462,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:52","startHours":12.15015840405457,"endHours":12.865147880673499,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:43","end":"06:26","startHours":5.715253114484198,"endHours":6.430242591103128,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:09","startHours":6.251495221948396,"endHours":7.145232067722058,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:18","end":"15:01","startHours":14.29512683391136,"endHours":15.01011631053029,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:40","end":"18:04","startHours":17.67007421700601,"endHours":18.07007421700601,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:52","end":"18:19","startHours":17.87007421700601,"endHours":18.31694263989284,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:37","end":"19:22","startHours":17.62007421700601,"endHours":19.37007421700601,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:52","startHours":24.15015840405457,"endHours":24.8651478806735,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:09","end":"08:29","startHours":7.145232067722058,"endHours":8.485837336382552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:29","end":"09:50","startHours":8.485837336382552,"endHours":9.826442605043045,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.826442605043045,"endHours":11.16704787370354,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:10","end":"12:30","startHours":11.16704787370354,"endHours":12.507653142364035,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:30","end":"13:51","startHours":12.507653142364035,"endHours":13.848258411024528,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:51","end":"15:11","startHours":13.848258411024528,"endHours":15.18886367968502,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:11","end":"16:32","startHours":15.18886367968502,"endHours":16.529468948345517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:32","end":"17:52","startHours":16.529468948345517,"endHours":17.87007421700601,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:52","end":"19:32","startHours":17.87007421700601,"endHours":19.529468948345517,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:32","end":"21:11","startHours":19.529468948345517,"endHours":21.18886367968502,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:11","end":"22:51","startHours":21.18886367968502,"endHours":22.848258411024528,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:51","end":"00:30","startHours":22.848258411024528,"endHours":24.507653142364035,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:30","end":"02:10","startHours":24.507653142364035,"endHours":26.16704787370354,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.16704787370354,"endHours":27.82644260504305,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:50","end":"05:29","startHours":27.82644260504305,"endHours":29.485837336382552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:29","end":"07:09","startHours":29.485837336382552,"endHours":31.14523206772206,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.145232067722058,"endHours":8.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.145232067722059,"endHours":9.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.145232067722059,"endHours":10.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.145232067722059,"endHours":11.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.145232067722059,"endHours":12.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.145232067722059,"endHours":13.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.145232067722059,"endHours":14.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.145232067722059,"endHours":15.145232067722059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.145232067722059,"endHours":16.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.14523206772206,"endHours":17.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.14523206772206,"endHours":18.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.14523206772206,"endHours":19.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.14523206772206,"endHours":20.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.14523206772206,"endHours":21.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.14523206772206,"endHours":22.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.14523206772206,"endHours":23.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.14523206772206,"endHours":24.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.14523206772206,"endHours":25.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.14523206772206,"endHours":26.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.14523206772206,"endHours":27.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.14523206772206,"endHours":28.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.14523206772206,"endHours":29.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.14523206772206,"endHours":30.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.14523206772206,"endHours":31.14523206772206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.598401756617765,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":23.9659}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2065,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1930,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1415,"malayalam_era":1184,"nanakshahi_year":539,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2065 Plava · Śaka 1930 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2008 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2008 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 17:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2008-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2008-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2008-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2008-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2008-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:05:55.563Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:05:55.563Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T11:05:55.563Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}