{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:2001-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2001-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452271.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863806.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.2103,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.1759,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":148.9656,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9656},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":41.1759,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.1759},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":293.3862},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452271.770833,"ahargana":1863806.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8808,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.48524199999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.80484200000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9285},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":320.107442,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":265.553442,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":77.22164199999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":248.31044199999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":45.597442,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":66.5745,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":246.5745,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452271.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863806.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.2103,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.1759,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":148.9656,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9656},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":41.1759,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.1759},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":293.3862},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.928,"elongation":148.966},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.928,"opposition_distance":31.034}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:12","sunsetLocal":"17:25","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":10.218986815697454,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 13 Mins 08 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 46 Mins 52 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:21","moonsetLocal":"05:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:02","end":"12:19","startHours":11.036238389109277,"endHours":12.313611741071458,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:52","end":"16:09","startHours":14.868358444995822,"endHours":16.145731796958003,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:29","end":"09:46","startHours":8.481491685184913,"endHours":9.758865037147096,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:35","end":"09:56","startHours":9.588548590218805,"endHours":9.929181484075386,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:38","end":"07:54","startHours":7.62990945054346,"endHours":7.902415765628725,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:39","startHours":11.972978847214877,"endHours":12.65424463492804,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:50","end":"06:31","startHours":5.841586757796405,"endHours":6.5228525455095685,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:21","end":"07:12","startHours":6.352536098581278,"endHours":7.204118333222732,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:01","end":"14:42","startHours":14.016776210354369,"endHours":14.698041998067533,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:13","end":"17:37","startHours":17.223105148920187,"endHours":17.623105148920185,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:25","end":"17:51","startHours":17.423105148920186,"endHours":17.848896266240914,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:10","end":"18:55","startHours":17.173105148920186,"endHours":18.923105148920186,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:39","startHours":23.972978847214875,"endHours":24.65424463492804,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:12","end":"08:29","startHours":7.204118333222732,"endHours":8.481491685184913,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:29","end":"09:46","startHours":8.481491685184913,"endHours":9.758865037147096,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:46","end":"11:02","startHours":9.758865037147096,"endHours":11.036238389109277,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:02","end":"12:19","startHours":11.036238389109277,"endHours":12.313611741071458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:19","end":"13:35","startHours":12.313611741071458,"endHours":13.590985093033641,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:35","end":"14:52","startHours":13.590985093033641,"endHours":14.868358444995822,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:52","end":"16:09","startHours":14.868358444995822,"endHours":16.145731796958003,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:09","end":"17:25","startHours":16.145731796958003,"endHours":17.423105148920186,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:25","end":"19:09","startHours":17.423105148920186,"endHours":19.145731796958003,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:09","end":"20:52","startHours":19.145731796958003,"endHours":20.868358444995824,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:52","end":"22:35","startHours":20.868358444995824,"endHours":22.59098509303364,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:35","end":"00:19","startHours":22.59098509303364,"endHours":24.31361174107146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:19","end":"02:02","startHours":24.31361174107146,"endHours":26.03623838910928,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:02","end":"03:46","startHours":26.03623838910928,"endHours":27.758865037147096,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:46","end":"05:29","startHours":27.758865037147096,"endHours":29.481491685184913,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:29","end":"07:12","startHours":29.481491685184913,"endHours":31.20411833322273,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.204118333222732,"endHours":8.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.204118333222732,"endHours":9.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.204118333222732,"endHours":10.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.204118333222732,"endHours":11.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.204118333222732,"endHours":12.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.204118333222732,"endHours":13.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.204118333222732,"endHours":14.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.204118333222732,"endHours":15.204118333222732,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.204118333222732,"endHours":16.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.20411833322273,"endHours":17.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.20411833322273,"endHours":18.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.20411833322273,"endHours":19.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.20411833322273,"endHours":20.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.20411833322273,"endHours":21.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.20411833322273,"endHours":22.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.20411833322273,"endHours":23.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.20411833322273,"endHours":24.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.20411833322273,"endHours":25.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.20411833322273,"endHours":26.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.20411833322273,"endHours":27.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.20411833322273,"endHours":28.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.20411833322273,"endHours":29.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.20411833322273,"endHours":30.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":30.20411833322273,"endHours":31.20411833322273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.28343604056436,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":23.8808}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 2001 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 2001 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 07:12, sūryāsta 17:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2001-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2001-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2001-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2001-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/2001-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T23:20:25.223Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T23:20:25.223Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T23:20:25.223Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}