{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1999-05-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1999-05-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1999-05-16","date_display":"May 16, 1999 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1999,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451314.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1862849.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":30.8943,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":37.7466,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.8523,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8523},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":37.7466,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0799},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":68.6409},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1999,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451314.770833,"ahargana":1862849.2708,"kali_year":5101,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8442,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":30.91350699999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.67550699999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.425},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":183.04590699999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":19.50250699999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":357.732807,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":74.33380699999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":15.240607000000011,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":117.281,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":297.281,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1999,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451314.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1862849.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":30.8943,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":37.7466,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.8523,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8523},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":37.7466,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0799},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":68.6409},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.425,"elongation":6.852},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.425,"opposition_distance":173.148}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"19:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":13.669158290014465,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 40 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 19 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:51","moonsetLocal":"19:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"19:03","startHours":17.345706776108965,"endHours":19.054351562360775,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:13","end":"13:56","startHours":12.219772417353543,"endHours":13.928417203605349,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:21","startHours":15.637061989857159,"endHours":17.345706776108965,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:34","end":"09:02","startHours":8.574663540016351,"endHours":9.0303021496835,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:57","end":"06:19","startHours":5.954741534430245,"endHours":6.319252422163965,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:46","end":"12:41","startHours":11.764133807686393,"endHours":12.675411027020692,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:34","end":"04:28","startHours":3.5626388336777137,"endHours":4.473916053012012,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:15","end":"05:23","startHours":4.246096748178437,"endHours":5.385193272346309,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:30","end":"15:25","startHours":14.497965465689287,"endHours":15.409242685023585,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:51","end":"19:15","startHours":18.854351562360776,"endHours":19.254351562360775,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:03","end":"19:37","startHours":19.054351562360775,"endHours":19.623899824444713,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:48","end":"20:33","startHours":18.804351562360775,"endHours":20.554351562360775,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:46","end":"00:41","startHours":23.764133807686395,"endHours":24.67541102702069,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:23","end":"07:06","startHours":5.385193272346309,"endHours":7.093838058598117,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:06","end":"08:48","startHours":7.093838058598117,"endHours":8.802482844849926,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:48","end":"10:31","startHours":8.802482844849926,"endHours":10.511127631101733,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:31","end":"12:13","startHours":10.511127631101733,"endHours":12.219772417353543,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:13","end":"13:56","startHours":12.219772417353543,"endHours":13.928417203605349,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:56","end":"15:38","startHours":13.928417203605349,"endHours":15.637061989857159,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:38","end":"17:21","startHours":15.637061989857159,"endHours":17.345706776108965,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:21","end":"19:03","startHours":17.345706776108965,"endHours":19.054351562360775,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:03","end":"20:21","startHours":19.054351562360775,"endHours":20.34570677610897,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:21","end":"21:38","startHours":20.34570677610897,"endHours":21.63706198985716,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:38","end":"22:56","startHours":21.63706198985716,"endHours":22.92841720360535,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:56","end":"00:13","startHours":22.92841720360535,"endHours":24.219772417353543,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:13","end":"01:31","startHours":24.219772417353543,"endHours":25.511127631101736,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:31","end":"02:48","startHours":25.511127631101736,"endHours":26.802482844849926,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:48","end":"04:06","startHours":26.802482844849926,"endHours":28.093838058598116,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:06","end":"05:23","startHours":28.093838058598116,"endHours":29.38519327234631,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.385193272346309,"endHours":6.385193272346309,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.385193272346309,"endHours":7.385193272346309,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.385193272346309,"endHours":8.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.38519327234631,"endHours":9.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.38519327234631,"endHours":10.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.38519327234631,"endHours":11.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.38519327234631,"endHours":12.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.38519327234631,"endHours":13.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.38519327234631,"endHours":14.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.38519327234631,"endHours":15.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.38519327234631,"endHours":16.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.38519327234631,"endHours":17.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.38519327234631,"endHours":18.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.38519327234631,"endHours":19.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.38519327234631,"endHours":20.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.38519327234631,"endHours":21.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.38519327234631,"endHours":22.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.38519327234631,"endHours":23.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.38519327234631,"endHours":24.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.38519327234631,"endHours":25.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.38519327234631,"endHours":26.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.38519327234631,"endHours":27.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.38519327234631,"endHours":28.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.38519327234631,"endHours":29.38519327234631,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.955623037866044,"eotMinutes":3.743254958787478,"ayanamsa":23.8442}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2056,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1921,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1406,"malayalam_era":1175,"nanakshahi_year":530,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha (Adhika) Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":true,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha (Adhika) Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2056 Nandana · Śaka 1921 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 16, 1999 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 16, 1999 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 19:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1999-05-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1999-05-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1999-05-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1999-05-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1999-05-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T15:24:05.026Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T15:24:05.026Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T15:24:05.026Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}