{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1998-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451175.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862710.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.9803,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.392,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.4117,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4117},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.392,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.392},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.3723},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451175.770833,"ahargana":1862710.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8389,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.25011800000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.073217999999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9251},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":172.56621799999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":231.960418,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":327.5264179999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":266.6225179999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":2.8702180000000226,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":124.6459,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":304.6459,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451175.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862710.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.9803,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.392,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.4117,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4117},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.392,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.392},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.3723},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.925,"elongation":113.412},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.925,"opposition_distance":66.588}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:12","sunsetLocal":"17:25","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":10.21777623340153,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 13 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 46 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:15","moonsetLocal":"02:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:29","end":"09:46","startHours":8.481945653545885,"endHours":9.759167682721078,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:02","end":"12:19","startHours":11.036389711896268,"endHours":12.313611741071458,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:35","end":"14:52","startHours":13.59083377024665,"endHours":14.868055799421843,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:35","end":"09:56","startHours":9.588871412164384,"endHours":9.929463953277768,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:38","end":"07:54","startHours":7.630464300762425,"endHours":7.9029383336531325,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:39","startHours":11.973019199958074,"endHours":12.654204282184843,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:51","end":"06:31","startHours":5.842353459917157,"endHours":6.523538542143926,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:21","end":"07:12","startHours":6.353242271587233,"endHours":7.204723624370694,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:01","end":"14:42","startHours":14.01657444663838,"endHours":14.697759528865149,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:13","end":"17:37","startHours":17.222499857772224,"endHours":17.622499857772222,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:25","end":"17:51","startHours":17.422499857772223,"endHours":17.848240534163953,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:10","end":"18:55","startHours":17.172499857772223,"endHours":18.922499857772223,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:39","startHours":23.973019199958074,"endHours":24.654204282184843,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:12","end":"08:29","startHours":7.204723624370694,"endHours":8.481945653545885,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:29","end":"09:46","startHours":8.481945653545885,"endHours":9.759167682721078,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:46","end":"11:02","startHours":9.759167682721078,"endHours":11.036389711896268,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:02","end":"12:19","startHours":11.036389711896268,"endHours":12.313611741071458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:19","end":"13:35","startHours":12.313611741071458,"endHours":13.59083377024665,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:35","end":"14:52","startHours":13.59083377024665,"endHours":14.868055799421843,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:52","end":"16:09","startHours":14.868055799421843,"endHours":16.14527782859703,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:09","end":"17:25","startHours":16.14527782859703,"endHours":17.422499857772223,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:25","end":"19:09","startHours":17.422499857772223,"endHours":19.14527782859703,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:09","end":"20:52","startHours":19.14527782859703,"endHours":20.86805579942184,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:52","end":"22:35","startHours":20.86805579942184,"endHours":22.59083377024665,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:35","end":"00:19","startHours":22.59083377024665,"endHours":24.31361174107146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:19","end":"02:02","startHours":24.31361174107146,"endHours":26.036389711896266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:02","end":"03:46","startHours":26.036389711896266,"endHours":27.759167682721078,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:46","end":"05:29","startHours":27.759167682721078,"endHours":29.481945653545885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:29","end":"07:12","startHours":29.481945653545885,"endHours":31.204723624370693,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.204723624370694,"endHours":8.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.204723624370693,"endHours":9.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.204723624370693,"endHours":10.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.204723624370693,"endHours":11.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.204723624370693,"endHours":12.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.204723624370693,"endHours":13.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.204723624370693,"endHours":14.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.204723624370693,"endHours":15.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.204723624370693,"endHours":16.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.204723624370693,"endHours":17.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.204723624370693,"endHours":18.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.204723624370693,"endHours":19.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.204723624370693,"endHours":20.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.204723624370693,"endHours":21.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.204723624370693,"endHours":22.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.204723624370693,"endHours":23.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.204723624370693,"endHours":24.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.204723624370693,"endHours":25.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.204723624370693,"endHours":26.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.204723624370693,"endHours":27.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.204723624370693,"endHours":28.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.204723624370693,"endHours":29.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.204723624370693,"endHours":30.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":30.204723624370693,"endHours":31.204723624370693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.296448492349285,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":23.8389}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 1998 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 1998 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:12, sūryāsta 17:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T22:56:32.719Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T22:56:32.719Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T22:56:32.719Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}