{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:rishikesh:1998-08-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-08-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-08-16","date_display":"August 16, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451041.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862576.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.5451,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.2364,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.6913,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6913},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":43.2364,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2364},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":161.7815},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451041.770833,"ahargana":1862576.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8338,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":119.15873699999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":44.96393699999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4985},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":93.12493699999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":115.59103699999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":332.888737,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":99.44743699999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.744336999999973,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":131.7458,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":311.7458,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451041.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862576.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.5451,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.2364,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.6913,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6913},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":43.2364,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2364},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":161.7815},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.498,"elongation":75.309},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.498,"opposition_distance":104.691}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":6,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.467,"elongation":1.174}]},"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"rishikesh","name":"Ṛṣikeśa","lat":30.0869,"lon":78.2676,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:44","sunsetLocal":"18:58","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":13.22884878575816,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:28","moonsetLocal":"14:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:19","end":"18:58","startHours":17.309142554611515,"endHours":18.962748652831287,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:21","end":"14:00","startHours":12.348324259952207,"endHours":14.001930358171975,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:39","end":"17:19","startHours":15.655536456391747,"endHours":17.309142554611515,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:49","end":"09:16","startHours":8.820631250416696,"endHours":9.261592876608635,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:17","end":"06:38","startHours":6.28510189981305,"endHours":6.637871200766601,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:47","startHours":11.907362633760268,"endHours":12.789285886144146,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:58","end":"04:51","startHours":3.9700533623053715,"endHours":4.851976614689249,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:38","end":"05:44","startHours":4.63149580159328,"endHours":5.733899867073126,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:33","end":"15:26","startHours":14.553132390911902,"endHours":15.43505564329578,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:46","end":"19:10","startHours":18.762748652831288,"endHours":19.162748652831286,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:58","end":"19:31","startHours":18.962748652831287,"endHours":19.51395068557121,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:43","end":"20:28","startHours":18.712748652831287,"endHours":20.462748652831287,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:47","startHours":23.90736263376027,"endHours":24.789285886144146,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:44","end":"07:23","startHours":5.733899867073126,"endHours":7.387505965292896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:23","end":"09:02","startHours":7.387505965292896,"endHours":9.041112063512667,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:02","end":"10:42","startHours":9.041112063512667,"endHours":10.694718161732435,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:42","end":"12:21","startHours":10.694718161732435,"endHours":12.348324259952207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:21","end":"14:00","startHours":12.348324259952207,"endHours":14.001930358171975,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:00","end":"15:39","startHours":14.001930358171975,"endHours":15.655536456391747,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:39","end":"17:19","startHours":15.655536456391747,"endHours":17.309142554611515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:19","end":"18:58","startHours":17.309142554611515,"endHours":18.962748652831287,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:58","end":"20:19","startHours":18.962748652831287,"endHours":20.30914255461152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:19","end":"21:39","startHours":20.30914255461152,"endHours":21.655536456391747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:39","end":"23:00","startHours":21.655536456391747,"endHours":23.001930358171975,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:00","end":"00:21","startHours":23.001930358171975,"endHours":24.348324259952207,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:21","end":"01:42","startHours":24.348324259952207,"endHours":25.69471816173244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:42","end":"03:02","startHours":25.69471816173244,"endHours":27.041112063512667,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:02","end":"04:23","startHours":27.041112063512667,"endHours":28.387505965292895,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:23","end":"05:44","startHours":28.387505965292895,"endHours":29.733899867073127,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":5.733899867073126,"endHours":6.733899867073126,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.733899867073126,"endHours":7.733899867073126,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.733899867073126,"endHours":8.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.733899867073127,"endHours":9.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.733899867073127,"endHours":10.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.733899867073127,"endHours":11.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.733899867073127,"endHours":12.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.733899867073127,"endHours":13.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.733899867073127,"endHours":14.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.733899867073127,"endHours":15.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.733899867073127,"endHours":16.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.733899867073127,"endHours":17.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.733899867073127,"endHours":18.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.733899867073127,"endHours":19.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.733899867073127,"endHours":20.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.733899867073127,"endHours":21.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.733899867073127,"endHours":22.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.733899867073127,"endHours":23.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.733899867073127,"endHours":24.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.733899867073127,"endHours":25.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.733899867073127,"endHours":26.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.733899867073127,"endHours":27.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.733899867073127,"endHours":28.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.733899867073127,"endHours":29.733899867073127,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":13.851292437857314,"eotMinutes":-3.969855597132357,"ayanamsa":23.8338}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"rishikesh"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 16, 1998 CE · Ṛṣikeśa · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 16, 1998 CE for Ṛṣikeśa: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 05:44, sūryāsta 18:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-08-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-08-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-08-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-08-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/rishikesh/1998-08-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T05:32:01.441Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T05:32:01.441Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T05:32:01.441Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}